蝙蝠是多种病毒的天然宿主,其中许多具有明显的人畜共患潜力。宏基因组工具的实施帮助了对新兴病毒的搜索,这也使得前所未有的病毒多样性的检测。目前,这个搜索主要集中在RNA病毒上,在数据库中大部分被过度呈现。为了弥补这一研究偏差,我们使用病毒宏基因组学分析了来自22个不同物种的189只西班牙蝙蝠的粪便样本.这使我们能够鉴定出属于腺病毒科的52个完整或接近完整的病毒基因组,圆环病毒科,基因组病毒科,乳头状瘤病毒科,细小病毒科,多囊病毒科和无囊病毒科。其中,30个可以构成新物种,目前在欧洲描述的病毒数量增加了一倍。这些发现为更彻底地分析蝙蝠DNA病毒及其人畜共患潜力打开了大门。
目的:宏基因组学已成为表征全球病毒圈的基本工具,使我们不仅能够了解现有的病毒多样性及其生态影响,而且能够识别新的和新兴的病毒。RNA病毒具有更高的人畜共患潜力,但这种风险也存在于一些DNA病毒家族。在我们的研究中,我们分析了22种西班牙蝙蝠的粪便样本的DNA部分,鉴定具有人畜共患潜力的不同病毒家族的52个完整或接近完整的基因组。这使欧洲目前描述的基因组数量翻了一番。宏基因组数据通常会产生难以分析的部分基因组。我们的工作,然而,具有大量完整基因组的特征,从而促进它们的分类学分类,并能够进行不同的分析来评估它们的人畜共患潜力。例如,重组研究是相关的,因为这种现象可能在跨物种传播中起重要作用。
Bats are natural hosts of multiple viruses, many of which have clear zoonotic potential. The search for emerging viruses has been aided by the implementation of metagenomic tools, which have also enabled the detection of unprecedented viral diversity. Currently, this search is mainly focused on RNA viruses, which are largely over-represented in databases. To compensate for this research bias, we analyzed fecal samples from 189 Spanish bats belonging to 22 different species using viral metagenomics. This allowed us to identify 52 complete or near-complete viral genomes belonging to the families Adenoviridae, Circoviridae, Genomoviridae, Papillomaviridae, Parvoviridae, Polyomaviridae and Smacoviridae. Of these, 30 could constitute new species, doubling the number of viruses currently described in Europe. These findings open the door to a more thorough analysis of bat DNA viruses and their zoonotic potential.
OBJECTIVE: Metagenomics has become a fundamental tool to characterize the global virosphere, allowing us not only to understand the existing viral diversity and its ecological implications but also to identify new and emerging viruses. RNA viruses have a higher zoonotic potential, but this risk is also present for some DNA virus families. In our study, we analyzed the DNA fraction of fecal samples from 22 Spanish bat species, identifying 52 complete or near-complete genomes of different viral families with zoonotic potential. This doubles the number of genomes currently described in Europe. Metagenomic data often produce partial genomes that can be difficult to analyze. Our work, however, has characterized a large number of complete genomes, thus facilitating their taxonomic classification and enabling different analyses to be carried out to evaluate their zoonotic potential. For example, recombination studies are relevant since this phenomenon could play a major role in cross-species transmission.