婆罗洲是古代扩散的十字路口,一些最早的东南亚人类遗骸和岩石艺术。该岛是传统的狩猎采集者普南社区的所在地,谁的起源,无论是生计回归还是长期觅食,不清楚。过去和现在的农业居民之间的联系,他们目前说南岛语,有复合和复杂的遗传血统,同样不透明。这里,我们分析了婆罗洲东北部PunanBatu(仍在进行一些流动狩猎和采集)的遗传祖先,Tubu,和阿普特。我们发现了深厚的祖先联系,一个共同的亚洲信号超过了现代和古代南岛血统代理,表明时间深度超过7500年。他们也很大程度上缺乏东南亚大陆农业婆罗洲的信号,他们本身是基因异质性的。我们的结果支持一些普南祖先对婆罗洲的长期居住,并揭示了与南岛扩张有关的祖先的起源和散布的出乎意料的复杂性。
Borneo was a crossroad of ancient dispersals, with some of the earliest Southeast Asian human remains and rock art. The island is home to traditionally hunter-gatherer Punan communities, whose origins, whether of subsistence reversion or long-term foraging, are unclear. The connection between its past and present-day agriculturalist inhabitants, who currently speak
Austronesian languages and have composite and complex genetic ancestry, is equally opaque. Here, we analyze the genetic ancestry of the northeastern Bornean Punan Batu (who still practice some mobile hunting and gathering), Tubu, and Aput. We find deep ancestry connections, with a shared Asian signal outgrouping modern and ancient
Austronesian-ancestry proxies, suggesting a time depth of more than 7,500 years. They also largely lack the mainland Southeast Asian signals of agricultural Borneans, who are themselves genetically heterogeneous. Our results support long-term inhabitation of Borneo by some Punan ancestors and reveal unexpected complexity in the origins and dispersal of
Austronesian-expansion-related ancestry.