膳食纤维可以被肠道微生物群发酵和利用,以重塑肠道微生物群,从而缓解便秘。本试验主要研究山楂可溶性膳食纤维(HSDF)的理化功能及其缓解小鼠便秘的作用和机制。45只小鼠分为空白对照C组,模型组M,阳性对照HS组,低剂量LHSDF组(1g/kg/bw),和高剂量HHSDF组(2g/kg/bw)。以10mg/kg/bw盐酸洛哌丁胺的剂量对小鼠进行建模7天,其余各组口服等量的蒸馏水和测试样品。连续灌胃45天后,我们进行了肠道运动测试,然后继续灌胃7天,并进行小肠推进测试和指标测试。结果表明,HSDF主要由半乳糖醛酸组成,属于I型晶体结构,像雪花一样松散的表面,分子量小,和强大的持水和抗氧化能力。动物实验表明,与M组相比,HSDF显著上调AQP3和AQP8分别为52.67%和164.54%,分别,AQP9蛋白表达下调45.88%,从而促进肠蠕动。它还可以通过增加兴奋性激素如MTL的水平来缓解便秘,GAS,和胃肠道中的SP,降低抑制激素如SS的水平,NO,和MDA。此外,HSDF可降低IL-6和PL-1β等炎症因子水平,增加各种短链脂肪酸的含量,缓解肠道炎症,保持肠道完整性,促进排便。它还可以促进益生菌的生长,如拟杆菌,抑制有害细菌如双歧杆菌和乳酸菌的生长,并改变肠道微生物群的多样性。
Dietary fiber can be fermented and utilized by gut microbiota to reshape the gut microbiota, thereby alleviating constipation. This experiment mainly studied the physicochemical functions of hawthorn soluble dietary fiber (HSDF)and its effect and mechanism in alleviating constipation in mice. Forty-five mice were divided into blank control group C, model group M, positive control HS group, low-dose LHSDF group (1 g/kg/bw), and high-dose HHSDF group (2 g/kg/bw). The mice were modeled at a dose of 10 mg/kg/bw of loperamide hydrochloride for 7 days, while the remaining groups were orally administered an equal amount of distilled water and test samples. After continuous gavage for 45 days we performed a bowel movement test, and then continued gavage for 7 days and performed a small intestine propulsion test and indicator testing. The results showed that HSDF is mainly composed of galacturonic acid, belonging to the type I crystal structure, with a loose surface resembling a snowflake, a small molecular weight, and strong water-holding and antioxidant abilities. Animal experiments showed that compared with group M, HSDF significantly upregulated AQP3 and AQP8 by 52.67% and 164.54%, respectively, and downregulated AQP9 protein expression by 45.88%, thereby promoting intestinal peristalsis. It can also alleviate constipation by increasing the levels of excitatory hormones such as MTL, GAS, and SP in the gastrointestinal tract, and reducing the levels of inhibitory hormones such as SS, NO, and MDA. In addition, HSDF can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and PL-1 β, increase the content of various short-chain fatty acids, alleviate intestinal inflammation, maintain intestinal integrity, and promote defecation. It can also promote the growth of probiotics such as Bacteroides, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and alter the diversity of gut microbiota.