语音障碍阻碍了许多儿童的交流和生活质量。然而,研究表明儿科语音问题和相关语音使用模式的患病率很少。这项调查检查了学龄儿童的声音问题和声音健康特征的患病率。
■以生活方式为参考,研究整个美国学龄儿童的语音问题患病率,人口特征,和语音使用模式。
■这项研究使用横截面设计调查了2023年在美国各地生活的4至12岁儿童的照顾者的概率样本。
■对看护者进行了关于他们孩子使用声音的调查,声音症状,声音问题,课外活动,和人口统计信息。护理人员还参加了儿科语音相关生活质量问卷。费希尔精确检验,χ2检验,和逻辑回归用于比较有和没有声音问题的儿童。
■总的来说,6293名小组成员被邀请完成调查的筛选问题,在2023年3月至4月期间,我们对1789名个体进行了筛选.其中,1175名父母(65.7%)完成了调查。21名(1.8%)因高拒绝率(n=16)而被排除在外,超速(n=2),或直衬里(n=12)。最终纳入分析的参与者人数为1154名4至12岁儿童的照顾者(559名女性儿童[48.4%];595名男性儿童[51.6%];平均[SD]年龄,8.02[2.49]年)。儿童语音问题的患病率为6.7%(n=78),终生患病率为12%(n=138)。良性声带病变是最常见的语音投诉诊断,其他原因包括呼吸道疾病,过敏,自闭症相关的声音问题,和其他神经系统疾病。小儿嗓音问题的危险因素包括男性(比值比[OR],1.47;95%CI,1.0-2.1),有超过4个人住在家里(或者,2.30;95%CI,1.2-4.4),语音清晰度差(OR,2.26;95%CI,1.2-4.3),母系嗓音问题史(或,4.54;95%CI,1.2-16.4),参与在线游戏(或,1.56;95%CI,1.0-2.3),和二手烟暴露(或,1.7;95%CI,1.1-2.6)。与语音使用相关的风险因素包括频繁说话,咳嗽,清嗓子,发脾气/哭泣,和声音紧张。通过儿科语音相关生活质量问卷测量,语音问题与显著降低的生活质量相关。有限的社交/课外互动,缺课增加,和成年人的负面关注。
■这项调查研究的结果表明,儿科语音问题相对普遍,并且降低了生活质量。特定的环境和行为因素与嗓音障碍的风险增加有关。
UNASSIGNED: Voice disorders impede communication and limit quality of life for many children. However, research demonstrating the prevalence of pediatric voice problems and associated voice use patterns is scarce. This investigation examined the prevalence of voice problems and vocal health characteristics of school-aged children.
UNASSIGNED: To examine the prevalence of voice problems in school-aged children throughout the US with reference to lifestyle, demographic characteristics, and voice use patterns.
UNASSIGNED: This study used a cross-sectional design to survey a probability sample of caregivers of children aged 4 to 12 years living throughout the US in 2023.
UNASSIGNED: Caregivers were surveyed regarding their children\'s voice use, voice symptoms, voice problems, extracurricular activities, and demographic information. Caregivers also competed the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life questionnaire. The Fisher exact test, χ2 tests, and logistic regression were used to compare children with and without voice problems.
UNASSIGNED: Overall, 6293 panelists were invited to complete screening questions for the survey, and 1789 individuals were screened for eligibility between March and April 2023. Of these, 1175 parents (65.7%) completed the survey. Twenty-one (1.8%) were excluded for a combination of either high refusal rates (n = 16), speeding (n = 2), or straight lining (n = 12). The final number of participants included in analysis was 1154 caregivers of children aged 4 to 12 years (559 female children [48.4%]; 595 male children [51.6%]; mean [SD] age, 8.02 [2.49] years). The prevalence of voice problems in children was 6.7% (n = 78), and the lifetime prevalence was 12% (n = 138). Benign vocal fold lesions was the most common diagnosis underlying voice complaints, and other causes included respiratory illness, allergies, autism-related voice issues, and other neurological conditions. Risk factors for pediatric voice problems included being male (odds ratio [OR], 1.47; 95% CI, 1.0-2.1), having more than 4 individuals living in the household (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.2-4.4), poor speech intelligibility (OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.2-4.3), maternal history of voice problems (OR, 4.54; 95% CI, 1.2-16.4), participating in online gaming (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.0-2.3), and secondhand smoke exposure (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6). Voice use-related risk factors included frequent talking, coughing, throat clearing, tantrums/crying, and vocal strain. Voice problems were associated with substantially detracted quality of life as measured by the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life questionnaire, limited social/extracurricular interactions, increased school absences, and negative attention from adults.
UNASSIGNED: The results of this survey study suggest that pediatric voice problems are relatively common and detract from quality of life. Specific environmental and behaviorial factors are associated with increased risk for voice disorders.