由于富营养化和气候变化,蓝藻水华的增加增加了水中的蓝藻毒素的存在。目前大多数水处理厂不能有效清除这些毒素,对公众健康构成潜在风险。这项研究介绍了一种水处理方法,使用含有磁性纳米颗粒(MNPs)的纳米结构珠,以便从液体悬浮液中轻松去除,涂有不同的吸附剂材料以消除氰基毒素。使用活性炭产生了13种颗粒类型,CMK-3介孔碳,石墨烯,石墨烯壳聚糖,2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧基(TEMPO)-氧化纤维素纳米纤维(TOCNF),酯化果胶,和煅烧的木质素作为吸附剂组分。微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)解毒的颗粒效力,圆柱精蛋白(CYN),并在水溶液中评估抗毒素-A(ATX-A)。两种颗粒组合物对最常见的氰基毒素表现出最佳的吸附特性。在测试的条件下,介孔碳纳米结构颗粒,P1-CMK3,提供MC-LR和默克活性炭纳米结构颗粒的良好去除,P9-MAC,可以去除ATX-A和CYN,具有高而公平的功效,分别。此外,在培养的细胞系中评估了用每种颗粒类型处理的水的体外毒性,显示人肾脏的活力没有改变,神经元,肝,和肠道细胞。尽管需要进一步的研究来充分描述这种新的水处理方法,看起来是个保险箱,实用,以及从水中消除氰毒素的有效方法。
The rise in cyanobacterial blooms due to eutrophication and climate change has increased cyanotoxin presence in water. Most current water treatment plants do not effectively remove these toxins, posing a potential risk to public health. This study introduces a water treatment approach using nanostructured beads containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for easy removal from liquid suspension, coated with different adsorbent materials to eliminate cyanotoxins. Thirteen particle types were produced using activated carbon, CMK-3 mesoporous carbon, graphene, chitosan, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidised cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF), esterified pectin, and calcined lignin as an adsorbent component. The particles\' effectiveness for detoxification of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), and anatoxin-A (ATX-A) was assessed in an aqueous solution. Two particle compositions presented the best adsorption characteristics for the most common cyanotoxins. In the conditions tested, mesoporous carbon nanostructured particles, P1-CMK3, provide good removal of MC-LR and Merck-activated carbon nanostructured particles, P9-MAC, can remove ATX-A and CYN with high and fair efficacy, respectively. Additionally, in vitro toxicity of water treated with each particle type was evaluated in cultured cell lines, revealing no alteration of viability in human renal, neuronal, hepatic, and intestinal cells. Although further research is needed to fully characterise this new water treatment approach, it appears to be a safe, practical, and effective method for eliminating cyanotoxins from water.