目标:调查有助于有效管理年龄相关性听力损失(ARHL)康复的因素。方法:遵循PRISMA指南进行系统评价。该方案在PROSPERO(CRD42022374811)中注册。文章是通过Scopus的系统搜索确定的,PubMed,WebofScience,以及2024年5月的Cochrane数据库。仅包括2005年1月至2024年5月之间发表的文章。由两名独立研究人员评估研究的资格,并使用Crowe关键评估工具v1.4(CCAT)进行评估。结果:在确定的278篇文章中,54人被包括在内。三个因素解释了HA的有效使用。首先,助听器信号处理,具有定向麦克风和降噪功能,提高了用户的舒适度和对噪声的理解。第二,有助听器配件,以NAL处方规则为黄金标准,和双边,用于空间定位和噪声理解的高级HA性能。第三,有一种以病人为中心的方法,使用患者相关结果测量(PROM),问卷,咨询,并定期随访,让患者参与治疗康复。结论:由于听力学结果的可变性,在声学参数上达成共识具有挑战性。让病人参与康复,满足他们的需求和期望,提供个性化护理至关重要。
Objectives: Investigate factors contributing to the effective management of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) rehabilitation. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022374811). Articles were identified through systematic searches in the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases in May 2024. Only articles published between January 2005 and May 2024 were included. Studies were assessed for eligibility by two independent researchers and evaluated using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool v1.4 (CCAT). Results: Of the 278 articles identified, 54 were included. Three factors explain effective HA use. First, hearing aid signal processing, with directional microphones and noise reduction, improves user comfort and understanding regarding noise. Second, there is hearing aid fitting, with the NAL prescription rules as the gold standard, and bilateral, high-level HA performance for spatial localization and noise comprehension. Third, there is a patient-centered approach, using patient-related outcome measures (PROMs), questionnaires, counseling, and regular follow-up to involve patients in their therapeutic rehabilitation. Conclusions: Reaching a consensus on acoustic parameters is challenging due to variability in audiological results. Involving patients in their rehabilitation, addressing their needs and expectations, and offering individualized care are crucial.