黑莓果实含有高水平的营养素和酚类化合物。黑莓果渣在加工过程中占其整个果实的20~30%,一般作为肥料处理。黑莓果渣有许多含有碳水化合物的种子,多酚,黄酮类化合物,果胶,蛋白质,和其他生物活性营养素。然而,其功能特性和种子蛋白组成尚未见报道。我们用单因素实验,响应面,和Osborne分离法提取分离蛋白,白蛋白,球蛋白,谷蛋白,和来自黑莓种子的醇溶蛋白,并首次评估了它们的特性和功能特性。谷蛋白和分离蛋白表现出良好的保水能力,乳化,和发泡能力,白蛋白和球蛋白表现出良好的持油能力和热稳定性。发现它们具有良好的抗氧化活性,可能是良好的DPPH自由基清除剂,尤其是醇溶蛋白,其具有最低的IC50值(15.76μg/mL)。此外,球蛋白对Hela细胞的最低IC50值为5.03μg/mL,31.82μg/mL对HepG2细胞,和77.81μg/mL对MCF-7细胞和高选择性指数(SI),这表明球蛋白具有更好的抗宫颈作用,抗肝癌,和抗乳腺活性,但细胞毒性相对较低。这些种子蛋白对未来食品和药物的开发和应用具有很大的前景。
Blackberry fruit contains high levels of nutrients and phenolic compounds. Blackberry pomace accounts for 20~30% of its whole fruit during processing and is generally treated as fertilizer. Blackberry pomace has many seeds that contain carbohydrates, polyphenols, flavonoids, pectin, protein, and other bioactive nutrients. However, its functional properties and seed protein compositions have not been reported. We used a single-factor experiment, response surface, and Osborne isolate method to extract protein isolate, albumin, globulin, glutelin, and prolamin from blackberry seeds for the first time and evaluated their characteristics and functional properties. Glutelin and protein isolate showed good water-holding capacity, emulsification, and foaming capacity, while albumin and globulin showed good oil-holding capacity and thermal stability. They were found to have good antioxidant activities that might be good DPPH free radical scavengers, especially prolamin, which has the lowest IC50 value (15.76 μg/mL). Moreover, globulin had the lowest IC50 value of 5.03 μg/mL against Hela cells, 31.82 μg/mL against HepG2 cells, and 77.81 μg/mL against MCF-7 cells and a high selectivity index (SI), which suggested globulin had better anti-cervical, antihepatoma, and anti-breast activity but relatively low cytotoxicity. These seed proteins may have great prospects for the development and application of food and drugs in the future.