开放科学(OS)的目标,在某种程度上,推动学术研究产生更大的社会影响。政府,资助者和机构政策指出,它应该进一步使研究民主化,提高学习和认识,基于证据的决策,研究与社会问题的相关性,和公众对研究的信任。然而,衡量操作系统的社会影响已被证明具有挑战性,并缺乏综合证据。本研究通过系统地界定由操作系统及其各个方面驱动的社会影响的现有证据,填补了这一空白。包括公民科学(CS),开放式访问(OA),开路/FAIR数据(OFD);开放代码/软件和其他。使用PRISMA扩展在WebofScience中进行的范围审查和搜索,Scopus和相关的灰色文献,我们确定了196项包含社会影响证据的研究.大多数人关注CS,一些人专注于OA,只有少数涉及其他方面。发现的关键影响领域是教育和意识,气候与环境,和社会参与。我们没有发现文献记录OFD的社会影响的证据和有限的社会影响在政策方面的证据,健康,对学术研究的信任。我们的研究结果表明,迫切需要更多的证据,并提出了实际和政策含义。
Open Science (OS) aims, in part, to drive greater societal impact of academic research. Government, funder and institutional policies state that it should further democratize research and increase learning and awareness, evidence-based policy-making, the relevance of research to society\'s problems, and public trust in research. Yet, measuring the societal impact of OS has proven challenging and synthesized evidence of it is lacking. This study fills this gap by systematically scoping the existing evidence of societal impact driven by OS and its various aspects, including Citizen Science (CS), Open Access (OA), Open/FAIR Data (OFD), Open Code/Software and others. Using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews and searches conducted in Web of Science, Scopus and relevant grey literature, we identified 196 studies that contain evidence of societal impact. The majority concern CS, with some focused on OA, and only a few addressing other aspects. Key areas of impact found are education and awareness, climate and environment, and social engagement. We found no literature documenting evidence of the societal impact of OFD and limited evidence of societal impact in terms of policy, health, and trust in academic research. Our findings demonstrate a critical need for additional evidence and suggest practical and policy implications.