■常量营养素的摄入可能是青少年认知和神经发育中最有影响力的因素之一。青春期是认知和神经发育的特定时期,在此期间的营养效果可能是终身的。因此,了解大量营养素摄入对青少年认知和神经发育的影响至关重要。因此,我们检查了大量营养素摄入量之间的关联,情报,和神经发育使用基于人群的队列数据。
■我们进行了两项研究。在研究1中,我们总共纳入了1,734名参与者(男孩,907,年龄[平均值±标准偏差]171.9±3.44个月;范围163.0-186.0个月)来自东京青少年队列(TTC),以检查大量营养素摄入量与智商(IQ)之间的关联。在研究2中,我们总共纳入了63名参与者(男孩,38,年龄174.4±7.7个月;范围160.7-191.6个月),使用图论分析从TTC子集衍生的静息状态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)来研究营养摄入对神经发育的影响。
■TTC数据显示,蛋白质摄入量增加的男孩智商较高(β=0.068,p=0.031)。在女孩身上,碳水化合物摄入量减少(β=-0.076,p=0.024)。大约12岁时rs-fMRI的图论分析表明,左额下回的局部效率受损与碳水化合物和脂肪摄入量较高有关([x,y,z]=[-51,23,8],pFDR-分别校正=0.00018和0.02290),而左颞中回中间度中心性的增加与较高的碳水化合物有关,脂肪,和蛋白质摄入量([x,y,z]=[-61,-43,-13],pFDR校正分别=0.0027、0.0029和0.00075)。此外,我们发现,脂肪和蛋白质摄入对左颞中回2年测量间隔内介数中心性变化与智力之间的关系具有显著的调节作用(分别为β=12.41,p=0.0457;β=12.12,p=0.0401).
■我们的研究表明,在青少年早期,大量营养素的摄入与智力相关的神经发育之间存在关联。适当的营养摄入将是健康认知和神经发育的关键因素。
UNASSIGNED: Macronutrient intake can be one of the most influential factors in cognitive and neural development in adolescents. Adolescence is a specific period of cognitive and neural development, and nutritional effects during this period could be life-long. Therefore, understanding the effects of macronutrient intake on cognitive and neural development in adolescents is crucially important. We thus examined the association across macronutrient intake, intelligence, and neural development using population-based cohort data.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted two studies. In study 1, we included a total of 1,734 participants (boys, 907, age [mean ± standard deviation] 171.9 ± 3.44 months; range 163.0-186.0 months) from the Tokyo TEEN Cohort (TTC) to examine the association between macronutrient intake and intelligence quotient (IQ). In study 2, we included a total of 63 participants (boys, 38, age 174.4 ± 7.7 months; range 160.7-191.6 months) to investigate the effect of nutrition intake on neural development using graph theory analysis for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) derived from a subset of the TTC.
UNASSIGNED: TTC data revealed that a higher IQ was associated in boys with increased protein intake (β = 0.068, p = 0.031), and in girls, with reduced carbohydrate intake (β = -0.076, p = 0.024). Graph theory analysis for rs-fMRI at approximately age 12 has shown that impaired local efficiency in the left inferior frontal gyrus was associated with higher carbohydrate and fat intake ([x, y, z] = [-51, 23, 8], pFDR-corrected = 0.00018 and 0.02290, respectively), whereas increased betweenness centrality in the left middle temporal gyrus was associated with higher carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake ([x, y, z] = [-61, -43, -13], pFDR-corrected = 0.0027, 0.0029, and 0.00075, respectively). Moreover, we identified a significant moderating effect of fat and protein intake on the relationship between change in betweenness centrality over a 2-year measurement gap in the left middle temporal gyrus and intelligence (β = 12.41, p = 0.0457; β = 12.12, p = 0.0401, respectively).
UNASSIGNED: Our study showed the association between macronutrient intake and neural development related to intelligence in early adolescents. Appropriate nutritional intake would be a key factor for healthy cognitive and neural development.