（1）背景：法属圭亚那仅报道了少数关于免疫活性患者组织胞浆菌病的研究。因此,我们对非HIV患者中的组织胞浆菌病住院患者进行了详细的临床描述.(2)方法:这是一个单中心,2008年至2022年在卡宴医院中心进行的回顾性研究.（3）结果：我们的队列由31（91％）成年人（>18岁）和3（9％）儿童组成，性别比例，M:F,1:2。女性的平均年龄高于男性（70岁对54岁）。呼吸道样本的收集占所进行检查的大部分（38％）。56％的患者出现发热（>37°C）。令人惊讶的是,组织胞浆菌病在82%的患者中传播,总病死率为14.7%.然而,在52%(16/31)的成年患者中发现免疫抑制状况，包括淋巴样血液病,糖尿病和免疫抑制药物。结论:本病,虽然罕见，通常被认为是非HIV患者的良性疾病，在我们的队列中呈现相对较高的死亡率。因此，应该怀疑组织胞浆菌病，在高流行地区进行筛查和调查，作为第一道防线，即使在有免疫能力和非HIV患者中，特别是那些有发烧或慢性呼吸道症状的人。
(1) Background: Only a few studies on histoplasmosis in immunocompetent patients have been reported in French Guiana. Therefore, we conducted a detailed clinical description of hospitalized patients suffering with histoplasmosis among non-HIV patients. (2) Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study conducted at Cayenne Hospital Center between 2008 and 2022. (3) Results: Our cohort was composed of 31 (91%) adults (>18 years of age) and 3 (9%) children, with a sex ratio, M:F, of 1:2. The median age was higher among the women than among the men (70 versus 54 years). The collection of respiratory samples constituted the majority of the performed examinations (38%). Fever (>37 °C) was found in 56% of patients. Surprisingly, the histoplasmosis was disseminated in 82% of patients with an overall case fatality rate of 14.7%. However, immunosuppressive conditions were found in 52% (16/31) of the adult patients, including lymphoid hemopathies, diabetes and immunosuppressive drugs. Conclusions: This disease, though rare and usually considered a mostly benign disease in non-HIV patients, presented a relatively high mortality rate in our cohort. Thus, histoplasmosis should be suspected, screened and investigated as a first line of defense in highly endemic areas, even in immunocompetent and non-HIV patients, especially those with fever or chronic respiratory symptoms.
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