■本研究的目的是研究植物乳杆菌(L.植物乳)和丙酸(PA)对不同水分含量的a菜(A菜)青贮饲料的发酵特性和微生物群落的影响。
■牡丹在成熟期收获并准备青贮。有两个水分含量梯度(80%:AhG,70%:AHS;新鲜材料:FM)和三种处理(对照:CK,植物乳杆菌:LP,丙酸:PA)设置,青贮60d后打开青贮。
■结果表明,植物乳杆菌和PA的添加增加了发酵后a菜的乳酸(LA)含量并降低了pH。特别是,PA的添加显著提高了粗蛋白含量(p<0.05)。枯萎青贮饲料的LA含量高于高水分青贮饲料,并且随着植物乳杆菌和PA的添加,它更高(p<0.05)。AhGLP的优势种,AhSCK,AhSLP和AhSPA主要是植物乳杆菌,布氏乳杆菌和短乳杆菌。AhGCK中的优势种包括阴沟肠杆菌,米黄单胞菌在AhGPA中占主导地位,影响发酵质量。植物乳杆菌和PA在青贮后协同作用,以加速优势种从革兰氏阴性菌到革兰氏阳性菌的演替,形成以乳酸菌为中心的共生微生物网络。枯萎和添加青贮制备方法都增加了全球和概述图以及碳水化合物代谢的优势程度,并降低了氨基酸代谢类别的优势程度。
■总而言之,将植物乳杆菌添加到青贮中,可以有效地改善a菜的发酵特性,增加细菌群落的多样性,并调控微生物群落及其功能代谢途径,以达到预期的发酵效果。
UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) and propionic acid (PA) on fermentation characteristics and microbial community of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriaus) silage with different moisture contents.
UNASSIGNED: Amaranth was harvested at maturity stage and prepared for ensiling. There were two moisture content gradients (80%: AhG, 70%: AhS; fresh material: FM) and three treatments (control: CK, L. plantarum: LP, propionic acid: PA) set up, and silages were opened after 60 d of ensiling.
UNASSIGNED: The results showed that the addition of L. plantarum and PA increased lactic acid (LA) content and decreased pH of amaranth after fermentation. In particular, the addition of PA significantly increased crude protein content (p < 0.05). LA content was higher in wilted silage than in high-moisture silage, and it was higher with the addition of L. plantarum and PA (p < 0.05). The dominant species of AhGLP, AhSCK, AhSLP and AhSPA were mainly L. plantarum, Lentilactobacillus buchneri and Levilactobacillus brevis. The dominant species in AhGCK include Enterobacter cloacae, and Xanthomonas oryzae was dominated in AhGPA, which affected fermentation quality. L. plantarum and PA acted synergistically after ensiling to accelerate the succession of dominant species from gram-negative to gram-positive bacteria, forming a symbiotic microbial network centred on lactic acid bacteria. Both wilting and additive silage preparation methods increased the degree of dominance of global and overview maps and carbohydrate metabolism, and decreased the degree of dominance of amino acid metabolism categories.
UNASSIGNED: In conclusion, the addition of L. plantarum to silage can effectively improve the fermentation characteristics of amaranth, increase the diversity of bacterial communities, and regulate the microbial community and its functional metabolic pathways to achieve the desired fermentation effect.