咖啡因是人类通过食物消耗最多的物质之一(咖啡,茶,毒品,等。).它的人类消耗会向水文网络释放大量的咖啡因。因此,咖啡因现在被认为是一种新兴污染物,有时会在海洋中发现高浓度。令人惊讶的是,关于咖啡因在海洋生物中诱导的分子反应的研究很少。我们研究过,在实验室条件下,六个具有不同生态功能的系统发育遥远的物种(马草和Aulactiniawerrucosa(刺胞动物,捕食者),Littorinalittorea(腹足动物,Grazer),Magallanagigas(双壳类,过滤器-进料器),和Carcinusmaenas和Pachygrapsusmarmoratus(螃蟹,捕食者和清道夫))暴露于咖啡因。抗氧化反应(过氧化氢酶,CAT;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,GPx;超氧化物歧化酶,SOD),脂质过氧化(MDA),当生物体暴露于环境咖啡因浓度(5μg/L(低)时,估计了乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性,10μg/L(高))超过14天。在海洋无脊椎动物中注意到不同水平的反应和咖啡因作用,可能与它们代谢污染物的能力有关。令人惊讶的是,过滤器给料机(M.gigas,牡蛎)对于测试的两种咖啡因浓度均未显示酶促反应或脂质过氧化。海洋腹足动物(食草动物)似乎受到咖啡因的影响更大,随着所有抗氧化酶活性的增加(CAT,GPx,SOD)。并行,两名刺胞动物和两只螃蟹受咖啡因污染的影响较小。然而,咖啡因被揭示为所有研究物种的神经毒性剂,诱导高度抑制AChE活性。这项研究为咖啡因在环境相关浓度下对海洋无脊椎动物的亚致死影响提供了新的见解。
Caffeine is one of the most consumed substances by humans through foodstuffs (coffee, tea, drugs, etc.). Its human consumption releases a high quantity of caffeine into the hydrological network. Thus, caffeine is now considered an emergent pollutant sometimes found at high concentrations in oceans and seas. Surprisingly, little research has been conducted on the molecular responses induced by caffeine in marine organisms. We studied, in laboratory conditions, six phylogenetically distant species that perform distinct ecological functions (Actinia equina and Aulactinia verrucosa (cnidarians, predator), Littorina littorea (gastropod, grazer), Magallana gigas (bivalve, filter-feeder), and Carcinus maenas and Pachygrapsus marmoratus (crabs, predator and scavenger)) subjected to caffeine exposure. The antioxidant responses (catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; superoxide dismutase, SOD), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were estimated when the organisms were exposed to environmental caffeine concentrations (5 μg/L (low), 10 μg/L (high)) over 14 days. Differential levels of responses and caffeine effects were noted in the marine invertebrates, probably in relation to their capacity to metabolization the pollutant. Surprisingly, the filter feeder (M. gigas, oyster) did not show enzymatic responses or lipid peroxidation for the two caffeine concentrations tested. The marine gastropod (grazer) appeared to be more impacted by caffeine, with an increase in activities for all antioxidative enzymes (CAT, GPx, SOD). In parallel, the two cnidarians and two crabs were less affected by the caffeine contaminations. However, caffeine was revealed as a neurotoxic agent to all species studied, inducing high inhibition of AChE activity. This study provides new insights into the sublethal impacts of caffeine at environmentally relevant concentrations in marine invertebrates.