AXIN1最初已被确定为WNT/β-catenin信号通路中的主要拮抗剂,并随后公布了其在各种信号级联中的整体参与。这些包括WNT/β-连环蛋白,河马,TGFβ,AMPK,mTOR,MAPK,和抗氧化信号通路。AXIN1的广泛参与强调了其在发育生物信号调节中的关键作用,维持代谢稳态,和协调细胞应激反应。AXIN1的多方面功能使其成为在退行性病变领域进行有针对性干预的令人信服的候选人,系统性代谢紊乱,癌症治疗,和抗衰老策略。这篇综述提供了对哺乳动物AXIN1基因表达和蛋白质更新的控制机制的复杂探索,同时还阐明了其在信号通路调节中的重要性,组织发育,和致癌作用。此外,我们引入了AXIN1相关磷酸激酶复合物(AAPC)的创新概念,其中支架蛋白AXIN1在通过与各种磷酸激酶及其各自底物的相互作用协调位点特异性磷酸化修饰中起关键作用。
AXIN1, has been initially identified as a prominent antagonist within the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, and subsequently unveiled its integral involvement across a diverse spectrum of signaling cascades. These encompass the WNT/β-catenin, Hippo, TGFβ, AMPK, mTOR, MAPK, and antioxidant signaling pathways. The versatile engagement of AXIN1 underscores its pivotal role in the modulation of developmental biological signaling, maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, and coordination of cellular stress responses. The multifaceted functionalities of AXIN1 render it as a compelling candidate for targeted intervention in the realms of degenerative pathologies, systemic metabolic disorders, cancer therapeutics, and anti-aging strategies. This review provides an intricate exploration of the mechanisms governing mammalian AXIN1 gene expression and protein turnover since its initial discovery, while also elucidating its significance in the regulation of signaling pathways, tissue development, and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we have introduced the innovative concept of the AXIN1-Associated Phosphokinase Complex (AAPC), where the scaffold protein AXIN1 assumes a pivotal role in orchestrating site-specific phosphorylation modifications through interactions with various phosphokinases and their respective substrates.