波斯眼队列研究,2015年至2020年的一项基于人群的横断面研究调查了48,618名31至70岁的伊朗成年人的屈光不正患病率.这项研究涵盖了伊朗的六个中心,采用随机整群抽样进行人口统计,medical,以及通过访谈收集社会经济数据。眼科检查包括视力,自动和手动客观折射,主观折射,裂隙灯,和眼底检查。使用球形等效定义,样本人群被分为几组.结果表明,平均年龄为49.52±9.31,平均屈光度为0.26屈光度(D)±1.6SD(95%CI-0.27至-0.24),范围从-26.1到+18.5标准差。近视(<-0.5D)和远视(>+0.5D)的患病率为22.6%(95%CI22.2-23%)和12.5%(95%CI12.1-12.8%),分别。对于不同年龄段,远视和散光的患病率随着年龄的增加而稳定且显著上升(两者的p值<0.001).近视的患病率,然而,显示出独特的模式,最初在45岁以下的成年人中增加,在55-64岁的人群中下降,在60岁及以上的人群中再次上升。女性性别,年龄较大,城市居住权,高等教育,更高的收入,和Fars种族与较高的近视患病率显着相关(全部p值<0.001)。女性性别(p值<0.001),老化(p值<0.001),城市居民(p值=0.029),和低收入(p值=0.005)与远视患病率较高显著相关。散光(>1D)在25.5%的参与者中普遍存在(95%CI25.1-25.9%),并且与男性相关。老化,城市居住权,文盲,和更高的收入(p值分别<0.001,<0.001,<0.001,<0.001,0.014)。该研究与区域和国际调查的比较强调了65岁以上人群的近视增加,原因是老年人的核性白内障发生率较高。近视与教育呈正相关,收入,和城市居住权,而远视没有表现出这种关联。
The Persian Eye Cohort Study, a population-based cross-sectional study from 2015 to 2020, examined refractive error prevalence among 48,618 Iranian adults aged 31 to 70. The study encompassed six centers in Iran, employing random cluster sampling for demographic, medical, and socioeconomic data collection through interviews. Ophthalmic exams included visual acuity, automated and manual objective refraction, subjective refraction, slit lamp, and fundus examinations. Using the spherical equivalent definition, the sample population was categorized into groups. Results indicated a mean age of 49.52 ± 9.31 and a mean refractive error of 0.26 diopters (D) ± 1.6 SD (95% CI - 0.27 to -0.24), ranging from -26.1 to + 18.5 SD. Prevalence of myopia (< -0.5D) and
hyperopia (> + 0.5D) was 22.6% (95% CI 22.2-23%) and 12.5% (95% CI 12.1-12.8%), respectively. Regarding different age groups, the prevalence of
hyperopia and astigmatism exhibited a steady and significant rise with increasing age (p-value < 0.001 for both). The prevalence of Myopia, however, showed a distinctive pattern, initially increasing in adults under 45, declining in those aged 55-64, and rising again among individuals aged 60 and older. Female gender, older age, urban residency, higher education, higher income, and Fars ethnicity were significantly related to a higher prevalence of myopia (p-value < 0.001 for all). Female gender (p-value < 0.001), aging (p-value < 0.001), urban residency (p-value = 0.029), and lower-income (p-value = 0.005) were significantly related to higher prevalence of
hyperopia. Astigmatism (> 1D) was prevalent in 25.5% of participants (95% CI 25.1-25.9%) and correlated with male gender, aging, urban residency, illiteracy, and higher income (p-value < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.014, respectively). The study\'s comparison with regional and international surveys highlighted the increase in myopia among those over 65 due to higher nuclear cataract rates in older adults. Myopia positively related to education, income, and urban residency, while
hyperopia did not exhibit such associations.