目的确定巴基斯坦2型糖尿病患者中不安腿综合征(RLS)的发生率。方法这项观察性横断面研究是在BahawalVictoria医院的医学部进行的,Quaid-e-Azam医学院,巴哈瓦尔布尔,巴基斯坦,从2024年1月到2024年5月。美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)诊断标准用于诊断RLS。2型糖尿病被定义为HbA1c大于7.0%的患者,两个随机血糖读数≥200mg/dL,以前的糖尿病诊断史,或服用抗高血糖药物的人。有腿部手术史或截肢史的患者,缺铁性贫血,酗酒,终末期肾病,慢性肝病,那些血液透析的人,孕妇被排除在研究之外.在获得伦理批准和知情同意后,使用非概率连续抽样技术将255名2型糖尿病患者纳入研究。人口统计信息,包括年龄,性别,并记录了糖尿病的持续时间,对患者进行糖尿病控制评估,周围神经病变,视网膜病变,和RLS患者记录评估HbA1c水平和尿液检查以诊断肾病。所有数据都输入到SPSS版本23中。在分层后应用卡方检验,使用小于0.05的P值作为显著性。结果平均年龄53.5±12.8岁,女性140人(54.9%)。平均病程和平均HbA1c分别为6.8±5.4年和9.8±2.5%,分别,191名(74.9%)患者糖尿病控制不佳。131例(51.4%)患者出现周围神经病变,视网膜病变58(22.7%),肾病23例(9.0%)。RLS存在于34例(13.3%)2型糖尿病患者中,显示与糖尿病控制显着相关(p值=0.001),周围神经病变(p值=0.016),视网膜病变(p值=0.006),和肾病(p值=0.011),但与年龄无关(p值=0.122),性别(p值=0.217),或糖尿病的持续时间(p值=0.922)。结论RLS在2型糖尿病患者中并不少见。在糖尿病控制不佳和存在其他并发症如神经病的患者中更为常见,肾病,和视网膜病变。
Objective To determine the frequency of restless legs syndrome (RLS) among Pakistani patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods This observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medicine at Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from January 2024 to May 2024. The National Institute of Health (NIH) diagnostic criteria were used to diagnose RLS. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was defined as patients with an HbA1c greater than 7.0%, two random blood glucose readings of ≥200 mg/dL, a previous history of diabetes diagnosis, or those taking anti-hyperglycemic medicines. Patients with a history of leg surgery or amputation, iron deficiency anemia, alcoholism, end-stage kidney disease, chronic liver disease, those on hemodialysis, and pregnant women were excluded from the study. After ethical approval and informed consent were obtained, 255 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Demographic information including age, gender, and duration of diabetes was noted, and patients were assessed for diabetes control, peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and RLS Patient records were assessed for HbA1c levels and urine examination to diagnose nephropathy. All data were entered into SPSS version 23. A Chi-Square test was applied post-stratification using a p-value of less than 0.05 as significant. Results The mean age was 53.5 ± 12.8 years with 140 (54.9%) females. The mean duration of the disease and mean HbA1c were 6.8 ± 5.4 years and 9.8 ± 2.5%, respectively, with 191 (74.9%) patients having poor control of diabetes. Peripheral neuropathy was seen in 131 (51.4%) patients, retinopathy in 58 (22.7%), and nephropathy in 23 (9.0%). RLS was present in 34 (13.3%) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, showing a significant association with diabetes control (p-value = 0.001), peripheral neuropathy (p-value = 0.016), retinopathy (p-value = 0.006), and nephropathy (p-value = 0.011), but not with age (p-value = 0.122), gender (p-value = 0.217), or duration of diabetes (p-value = 0.922). Conclusion RLS was not an uncommon finding in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, being more common among those with poor diabetes control and the presence of other complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy.