UNASSIGNED: Despite this growing interest, there remains a lack of comprehensive and systematic bibliometric analyses of ketamine research. This study aimed to summarize the progress in ketamine research through bibliometric analysis, providing insights into the development and direction of the field.
UNASSIGNED: Publications related to ketamine were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database on February 15, 2024. In conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis, a variety of bibliographic elements were meticulously collected to map the landscape of research within a specific field.
UNASSIGNED: Between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2023, a total of 10,328 articles on ketamine research were published across 1,752 academic journals by 45,891 authors from 8,914 institutions in 128 countries. The publication volume has shown a steady increase over this period. The United States of America (USA) and the People\'s Republic of China lead in both publication and citation counts. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and Yale University emerge as the most active institutions in this research domain. Carlos Zarate of the NIH National Institute of Mental Health was noted for the highest number of significant publications and received the most co-citations. The analysis revealed key research themes including mechanism of action, adverse events, psychiatric applications, and perioperative implications.
UNASSIGNED: This study provided comprehensive bibliometric and knowledge mapping analysis of the global ketamine research landscape, offering valuable insights into the trends, key contributors, and thematic focus areas within the field. By delineating the evolution of ketamine research, this study aims to guide future scholarly endeavors and enhance our understanding of ketamine\'s therapeutic potential.

UNASSIGNED: The COVID-19 pandemic changed people\'s lives. The majority had to adapt to working online including students. The shift to online learning caused serious sleep and mental health issues among students. This study aimed to examine the variations between the prevalence of sleep and mental health problems among undergraduate students during the periods of online learning and on-campus learning.
UNASSIGNED: An online survey was distributed to medical students in Saudi Arabia.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 110 participated in the study (age = 21 ± 1.4 years). The on-campus anxiety (8.2 ± 6.3) was significantly higher than online anxiety (5.5 ± 5.1). On-campus daytime sleepiness (8.5 ± 4) was significantly higher when compared to online daytime sleepiness (6.7 ± 4.6). Although not significant, the on-campus stress (7.7 ± 5.7) and insomnia (12 ± 7.3) were higher than online stress (6.9 ± 5.5) and insomnia (11.5 ± 6). The online depression (6.6 ± 5.7) was higher than the mean on-campus depression (5.8 ± 5.4). A significant strong positive correlation was found between on-campus anxiety and on-campus stress. A significant moderate positive correlation was detected between on-campus anxiety and on-campus daytime sleepiness. A weak but significant correlation was found between on-campus anxiety and on-campus insomnia. On-campus anxiety was significantly predicted by the following model, which included on-campus stress, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness (P < .001).
UNASSIGNED: Medical students reported lower anxiety, daytime sleepiness, stress, and insomnia during their online learning compared to on-campus learning. Only depression was higher during online learning compared to on-campus learning.

UNASSIGNED: In the United States, access to evidence-based behavioral health treatment remains limited, contributing to inadequate treatment for individuals with depression and anxiety disorders. The Collaborative care model (CoCM), the integration of behavioral healthcare into primary care, has been shown to be effective in addressing this issue, particularly when delivered virtually through telehealth platforms. While collaborative care has been shown to be effective, little has been studied to understand the impact of patient treatment factors on patient improvement. This study aims to analyze factors associated with patient improvement, measured by PHQ-9 and GAD-7 score changes, in patients with depression and anxiety disorders from Concert Health, a national behavioral medical group offering collaborative care across 18 states.
UNASSIGNED: Stepwise logistic regression models were utilized to identify factors influencing patient improvement in standardized symptom screener scores (PHQ-9 and GAD-7). Relevant patient-level data, including demographics, clinical engagement, insurance type, clinical touchpoints, and other variables, were analyzed. Results are presented as odds ratios (ORs).
UNASSIGNED: We find that increased clinical touchpoints were associated with improved outcomes in both depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7) populations. Commercial insurance was linked to a greater likelihood of improvement relative to Medicaid, and the use of C-SSRS suicide screeners had varied effects on patient outcomes depending on the diagnosis. The duration of time spent in appointments showed a nuanced impact, suggesting an optimal length for touchpoints. Psychiatric consults also impact patient outcomes in both populations. This study sheds light on factors influencing patient outcomes in virtual collaborative care for depression and anxiety disorders, which may be used to inform and motivate further research and allow providers to better optimize and understand the impacts of treatment choices in collaborative care settings.

Background: Currently there are 1.3 billion adolescents worldwide, which makes up 16% of the world population. Over 20% of adolescents around the world are thought to have behavioural or mental health issues. Addressing mental health issues is very important for the promotion of positive health in adolescents. Methods: The objective of our study was to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among adolescents in urban and rural areas of Shivamogga. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 adolescents aged 16 to 19 years each from urban and rural areas of Shivamogga. Results: Depression, anxiety and stress were found to be 23.1%, 29.4% and 26.6% in urban areas and 19.1%, 24% and 21.1% in rural areas respectively. Conclusions: About a quarter of the adolescent population suffers from depression anxiety and stress. Adopting and implementing better education and health policies are necessary to enhance adolescent mental health.

UNASSIGNED: To compare adolescent and caregiver reports of adolescent adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their relationship with current adolescent depression and to analyze the relationship between ACEs and depression.
UNASSIGNED: We recruited 46 adolescent-caregiver dyads from a large, inner-city medical center\'s adolescent medicine clinic. Adolescents and caregivers completed the Center for Youth Wellness ACE questionnaire, encompassing traditional ACEs (eg, abuse, neglect, household dysfunction) and nontraditional ACEs (eg, foster care, parental death, exposure to community violence). Adolescents also completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9A (PHQ-9A) depression screening tool.
UNASSIGNED: Among adolescents, 14 (30%) reported no traditional ACEs, 11 (24%) reported 1, and 21 (46%) reported more than 1. Regarding nontraditional ACEs, 16 (35%) reported none, 11 (24%) reported 1, and 19 (41%) reported more than 1. Caregiver reports consistently indicated lower ACEs compared with adolescent self-reports (P < .005). For the PHQ-9A scores, 26 (57%) of adolescents showed no or minimal depression, 14 (30%) mild, and 6 (13%) moderate depression. A moderate positive correlation emerged between PHQ-9A scores and self-reported traditional ACEs (rs = 0.5, P < .001) and nontraditional ACEs (rs = 0.49, P < .001). In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the absolute differences in adolescent and caregiver reports of traditional ACEs and PHQ-9A scores (n = 46, ρ = 0.51, P < .001).
UNASSIGNED: As the differences in ACE reports between adolescents and caregivers increased, there was a corresponding increase in adolescent depression scores. It is essential to incorporate comprehensive ACE screening and encourage open communication between adolescents and caregivers, which may improve mental health outcomes.

UNASSIGNED: This study aims to investigate the agreement between the Huaxi Emotional Index (HEI) and the Nurses\' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR) in assessing high suicide risk and to explore the predictive value of HEI in identifying high suicide risk among patients with depression.
UNASSIGNED: Convenience sampling was used and 386 inpatients with depression were included in this cross-sectional study. All patients were admitted to the Mental Health Center, West China Hospital between June and December 2023. The inclusion criteria were as follows, a diagnosis of depression according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10), age over 18, and completion of both NGASR and HEI assessments. According to the exclusion criteria, depression patients who had other comorbid mental disorders or those who had severe cognitive impairments and were unable to communicate effectively were excluded. The study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Review Committee of West China Hospital (Approval No. 647, 2021). Demographic data such as age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, and educational attainment were collected using a self-designed questionnaire. Both the HEI and NGASR were applied to evaluate the patients. We conducted statistical analyses with SPSS 27, employing Spearman\'s rank correlation for correlation analysis, Kappa tests for consistency between the two instruments, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for evaluating the predictive performance of HEI scores for high suicide risk, with the optimal HEI cutoff value determined on the basis of the Youden Index.
UNASSIGNED: The study included 386 depression inpatients with an average age of 32 years and an average length-of-stay of 14 days. Of these participants, 252 were female (65.3%) and 134 were male (34.7%). Regarding ethnicity, most of the participants were Han Chinese (89.4%), Tibetans accounted for 7.3%, and other minorities, 3.3%. Regarding marital status, 51.3% of the participants were married, 41.2% single, 6.5% divorced, and 1.0% widowed. Regarding educational attainment, 26.2% had an undergraduate or graduate education, 20.7% had junior college education, 24.8% had high school or secondary technical school education, and 28.2% had middle school education or less. The NGASR identified 57.3% of the participants as being at high suicide risk, while the HEI identified 53.6% as having severe emotional distress. There was a moderate agreement between the HEI and the NGASR scores, with a Kappa value of 0.518 ( P<0.001), indicating statistically significant differences. At an HEI score of 17, the Youden Index peaked at 0.52, predicting high suicide risk with a specificity of 76.36%, a sensitivity of 76.02%, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.829 (95% CI: 0.787-0.871), demonstrating statistically significant differences.
UNASSIGNED: HEI and NGASR demonstrate moderate agreement in assessing high suicide risk among depression patients. The HEI questionnaire effectively predicts high suicide risk in patients with depression, with 17 being the optimal cutoff value for assessing high suicide risk.

UNASSIGNED: To investigate the effect of empathy on depressive symptoms in adolescents and to explore the potential mediating role of family functioning in the effect of empathy on depressive symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: The 2022 cross-sectional data from the Chengdu Positive Child Development (CPCD) cohort were analyzed in the study. A survey was conducted in Chengdu in June 2022, involving 3020 students in grades 5-8 from three randomly selected stratified schools. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI-C), the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument (C-FAI), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) were used in the survey. Chi-square test or one-way analysis of variance was performed to examine the differences in various demographic characteristics (sex, grade, region, and total monthly household income) between groups of respondents, as well as the differences in family functioning, empathy, and depression. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between family functioning, empathy, and depressive symptoms. Structural equation modeling and SPSS PROCESS component Model 4 were used to analyze whether family functioning played a mediating role in the effect of empathy on depressive symptoms in adolescents.
UNASSIGNED: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among survey respondents was 25.40%. The results of the difference analysis revealed significant differences in the detection rates of depressive symptoms among respondents of different grades, regions, and monthly household incomes (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection rates of depressive symptoms between male and female students. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of depressive symptoms between respondents with different scores for family dysfunction and empathy ability (P<0.001). Correlation analysis results showed that empathy scores were negatively correlated with depression (r=-0.11, P<0.001), that family dysfunction was positively correlated with depression (r=0.29, P<0.001), and that empathy scores were negatively correlated with family functioning (r=-0.37, P<0.001). The mediating role of family dysfunction in the relationship between empathy and depressive symptoms was established, with the direct effect being 0.039 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.010-0.069, P<0.001) and the indirect effect value being -0.096 (95% CI: -0.115--0.079, P<0.001). The direct effect value accounted for 28.89% of the total effect value, while the mediation effect value accounted for 71.11% of the total effect value.
UNASSIGNED: The empathy ability of adolescents is correlated to depressive symptoms, and family functioning plays a mediating role between empathy and depressive symptoms in adolescents. It is suggested that adolescents\' empathy ability and family functioning should be enhanced through multiple channels to reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome with widespread subtle neuroanatomical correlates. Our objective was to identify the neuroanatomical dimensions that characterize MDD and predict treatment response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants or placebo. In the COORDINATE-MDD consortium, raw MRI data were shared from international samples (N = 1,384) of medication-free individuals with first-episode and recurrent MDD (N = 685) in a current depressive episode of at least moderate severity, but not treatment-resistant depression, as well as healthy controls (N = 699). Prospective longitudinal data on treatment response were available for a subset of MDD individuals (N = 359). Treatments were either SSRI antidepressant medication (escitalopram, citalopram, sertraline) or placebo. Multi-center MRI data were harmonized, and HYDRA, a semi-supervised machine-learning clustering algorithm, was utilized to identify patterns in regional brain volumes that are associated with disease. MDD was optimally characterized by two neuroanatomical dimensions that exhibited distinct treatment responses to placebo and SSRI antidepressant medications. Dimension 1 was characterized by preserved gray and white matter (N = 290 MDD), whereas Dimension 2 was characterized by widespread subtle reductions in gray and white matter (N = 395 MDD) relative to healthy controls. Although there were no significant differences in age of onset, years of illness, number of episodes, or duration of current episode between dimensions, there was a significant interaction effect between dimensions and treatment response. Dimension 1 showed a significant improvement in depressive symptoms following treatment with SSRI medication (51.1%) but limited changes following placebo (28.6%). By contrast, Dimension 2 showed comparable improvements to either SSRI (46.9%) or placebo (42.2%) (β = -18.3, 95% CI (-34.3 to -2.3), P = 0.03). Findings from this case-control study indicate that neuroimaging-based markers can help identify the disease-based dimensions that constitute MDD and predict treatment response.

Rationale: Recent evidence highlights the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in mood disorders, but the mechanism involved remains unclear. We studied whether the Hippo/YAP/14-3-3η signaling pathway mediates mitochondrial abnormalities that result in the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) in a mouse model. Methods: The ROC algorithm was used to identify a subpopulation of mice that were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and exhibited the most prominent depressive phenotype (Dep). Electron microscopy, biochemical assays, quantitative PCR, and immunoblotting were used to evaluate synaptic and mitochondrial changes in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). RNA sequencing was used to explore changes in the Hippo pathway and downstream target genes. In vitro pharmacological inhibition and immunoprecipitation was used to confirm YAP/14-3-3η interaction and its role in neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction. We used virus-mediated gene overexpression and knockout in YAP transgenic mice to verify the regulatory effect of the Hippo/YAP/14-3-3η pathway on depressive-like behavior. Results: Transcriptomic data identified a large number of genes and signaling pathways that were specifically altered from the BLA of Dep mice. Dep mice showed notable synaptic impairment in BLA neurons, as well as mitochondrial damage characterized by abnormal mitochondrial morphology, compromised function, impaired biogenesis, and alterations in mitochondrial marker proteins. The Hippo signaling pathway was activated in Dep mice during CUMS, and the transcriptional regulatory activity of YAP was suppressed by phosphorylation of its Ser127 site. 14-3-3η was identified as an important co-regulatory factor of the Hippo/YAP pathway, as it can respond to chronic stress and regulate cytoplasmic retention of YAP. Importantly, the integrated Hippo/YAP/14-3-3η pathway mediated neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and depressive behavior in Dep mice. Conclusion: The integrated Hippo/YAP/14-3-3η pathway in the BLA neuron is critical in mediating depressive-like behaviors in mice, suggesting a causal role for this pathway in susceptibility to chronic stress-induced depression. This pathway therefore may present a therapeutic target against mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic impairment in MDD.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a prevalent yet often overlooked complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), impacting multiple organs and substantially elevating the risk of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of yoga-based intervention (YBI) compared to the American Diabetes Association exercise regimen (ADA Ex. Regime) and standard care for treating autonomic neuropathy in type 2 DM.
METHODS: This open-label exploratory clinical trial featured two parallel study arms: Group A (Intervention), which received YBI alongside standard care, and Group B, which adhered to the ADA Ex. Regime in conjunction with standard care. A total of 80 participants aged 35-60, diagnosed with type 2 DM and autonomic neuropathy, were equally allocated to both groups. Data collection included nerve conduction velocity (NCV) tests, autonomic function tests (AFTs), as well as evaluations of depression and quality of life.
RESULTS: YBI demonstrated a drop in parasympathetic tone compared to the ADA Ex. Regime. Following a six-month intervention, the sympathetic activity indicator (SD2) exhibited a significantly lower value in the YBI group than in the ADA Ex. Regime group, indicating a positive effect (p < 0.05), while the ADA Ex. Regime showed more improvement in certain areas of NCV (e.g., left and right peroneal NCV, right and left peroneal F-latency), notable differences were observed in alkaline phosphatase levels, depression scores, and WHO-5 wellness, all reaching statistical significance at p < 0.05.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings observed that a 24-week YBI significantly reduced in symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and stress. Although the ADA Ex. Regime demonstrated greater improvement in specific aspects of NCV compared to YBI, YBI outperformed the ADA Ex. Regime in enhancing WHO-5 wellness and reducing depression symptoms.