巴西豪猪痘病毒(BPoPV)是最近在巴西的豪猪(Coendouregulsilis)中描述的一种新型痘病毒。在这里,我们描述了在农村地区被发现昏昏欲睡的成年雄性Coendou(Sphiggurus)spinosus。动物表现出硬皮,水肿,和面部化脓性皮肤损伤,尾巴,和会阴,和淡黄色的眼部分泌物。通过组织病理学进行诊断,透射电子显微镜(TEM),PCR,和测序。微观上,增生性和坏死性皮炎,亚急性,多灶性膨胀变性,观察到嗜酸性粒细胞胞浆内病毒包涵体。TEM证实角质形成细胞质内的大型砖形病毒体,测量约200-280×120-180nm。成功扩增并测序了细胞内成熟病毒体膜蛋白基因和推定金属蛋白酶基因的部分片段,本文中表示为IAL/21V-102的菌株被分类为BPoPV,显示与参考菌株UFU/USP001的99.4%的核苷酸同一性。恩诺沙星10%(10mg/kg)每24小时通过肌肉注射给药10天,二吡喃酮/安乃近(25mg/kg)每24小时口服(PO)3天,0.5ml(mL)的胸调节蛋白每24小时PO,持续30天,每次48小时,再持续15天。每15天清洁和清创病灶。治疗开始75天后,皮肤病变消退,动物体重增加了,临床稳定.治疗后,皮肤活检显示只有轻度表皮棘皮病,细胞内水肿,和轻度淋巴浆细胞性血管周围皮炎.通过TEM没有观察到病毒颗粒,并且通过PCR没有扩增痘病毒DNA。这项研究记录了第一例确认和治疗的BPoPV感染在毛状矮人豪猪。实施的治疗计划消除了感染并改善了动物的一般状态。
Brazilian porcupine poxvirus (BPoPV) is a new poxvirus recently described in porcupines (Coendou prehensilis) from Brazil. Herein, we described a free-ranging adult male Coendou (Sphiggurus) spinosus rescued after being found lethargic on the ground in a rural area. The animal presented crusty, edematous, and suppurative skin lesions on the face, tail, and perineum, and yellowish ocular secretion. The diagnosis was performed by histopathology, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), PCR, and sequencing. Microscopically, proliferative and necrotizing dermatitis, subacute, multifocal with ballooning degeneration, and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies were observed. TEM confirmed large brick-shaped virions inside the keratinocyte cytoplasm, measuring about 200-280 × 120-180 nm. Partial fragment of intracellular mature virion membrane protein gene and putative metalloproteinase gene was successfully amplified and sequenced, and the strain herein denoted IAL/21 V-102 was classified as BPoPV, showing 99.4% of nucleotide identity to the reference strain UFU/USP001. Enrofloxacin 10% (10 mg/kg) was administered every 24 h through intramuscular injection for 10 days, dipyrone/metamizole (25 mg/kg) every 24 h orally (PO) for 3 days, 0.5 ml (mL) of thymomodulin every 24 h PO for 30 days, and each 48 h for another 15 days. The lesions were cleaned and debrided every 15 days. Seventy-five days after the beginning of the treatment, the cutaneous lesions regressed, the animal gained weight, and was clinically stable. After treatment, the skin biopsy showed only mild epidermal acanthosis, intra-cellular edema, and mild lymphoplasmacytic perivascular dermatitis. No viral particles were observed by TEM and no poxviral DNA was amplified by PCR. This study documents the first case of confirmed and treated BPoPV infection in a hairy dwarf porcupine. The implemented therapeutic plan eliminated the infection and improved the general state of the animal.