癌症对人类健康构成严重威胁。尽管常规化疗仍是癌症治疗的基石,其显著的副作用和日益严重的耐药性问题使得迫切需要寻找更有效、毒性更小的抗癌药物。近年来,细菌素,微生物来源的抗菌肽,由于它们的靶向抗肿瘤活性而引起了极大的关注。这种独特的活性主要归因于它们的阳离子和两亲性质,这使得细菌素能够特异性地杀死肿瘤细胞而不伤害正常细胞。当涉及非膜破坏机制时,如凋亡诱导,细胞周期阻断,和转移抑制,作用的核心机制是通过破坏细胞膜来实现的,使细菌素具有低耐药性和高选择性。然而,细菌素在体内对水解和溶血的敏感性限制了其临床应用。为了克服这些挑战,细菌素的结构优化或其与纳米技术的结合是未来发展的建议。本文旨在研究细菌素作为抗癌药物的作用机制和研究现状。从而为其临床开发和应用提供新的见解。
Cancer poses a severe threat to human health. Although conventional chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment, its significant side effects and the growing issue of drug resistance necessitate the urgent search for more efficient and less toxic anticancer drugs. In recent years,
bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides of microbial origin, have garnered significant attention due to their targeted antitumor activity. This unique activity is mainly attributed to their cationic and amphiphilic nature, which enables
bacteriocins to specifically kill tumor cells without harming normal cells. When involving non-membrane-disrupting mechanisms, such as apoptosis induction, cell cycle blockade, and metastasis inhibition, the core mechanism of action is achieved by disrupting cell membranes, which endows bacteriocins with low drug resistance and high selectivity. However, the susceptibility of
bacteriocins to hydrolysis and hemolysis in vivo limits their clinical application. To overcome these challenges, structural optimization of
bacteriocins or their combination with nanotechnology is proposed for future development. This review aims to study the mechanism of action and current research status of
bacteriocins as anticancer treatments, thus providing new insights for their clinical development and application.