我们旨在评估蛋白质和非蛋白质血浆游离氨基酸(PFAA)的长期变化。11名男性耐力铁人三项运动员参加了为期9个月的研究。血液是在休息时收集的,在彻底锻炼后立即,在30分钟的恢复过程中,在连续四个训练阶段:过渡,一般,具体,和竞争。使用LC-ESI-MS/MS技术测定了20个蛋白质原PFAA和22个非蛋白质原PFAA。结构化训练改变了运动诱导的PFAA反应模式,竞争阶段与其他阶段最不同。支链氨基酸(p=0.002;η2=0.216),苯丙氨酸(p=0.015;η2=0.153),蛋氨酸(p=0.002;η2=0.206),在竞争阶段,赖氨酸(p=0.006;η2=0.196)在休息和精疲力竭之间下降得更快。谷氨酰胺(p=0.008;η2=0.255),谷氨酸(p=0.006;η2=0.265),酪氨酸(p=0.001;η2=0.195),胱氨酸(p=0.042;η2=0.183),和丝氨酸(p<0.001;η2=0.346)水平在竞争阶段降低。在过渡阶段运动期间,精氨酸(p=0.046;η2=0.138)和天冬氨酸(p=0.011;η2=0.171)的水平最高。在竞争阶段,α-氨基己二酸(p=0.023;η2=0.145),β-氨基异丁酸(p=0.007;η2=0.167),β-丙氨酸(p<0.001;η2=0.473),肌氨酸(p=0.017;η2=0.150)水平增加,而磷酸乙醇胺(p=0.037;η2=0.189)和牛磺酸(p=0.008;η2=0.251)的浓度降低。过度训练指标没有升高。改变的PFAA谱表明能量代谢途径内的适应,如三羧酸循环,氧化磷酸化,氨中和,嘌呤核苷酸循环,和缓冲细胞内H+离子。这些变化似乎反映了正常的适应。
We aimed to evaluate long-term changes in proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic plasma free amino acids (PFAA). Eleven male endurance triathletes participated in a 9-month study. Blood was collected at rest, immediately after exhaustive exercise, and during 30-min recovery, in four consecutive training phases: transition, general, specific, and competition. Twenty proteinogenic and 22 non-proteinogenic PFAAs were assayed using the LC-ESI-MS/MS technique. The structured training modified the patterns of exercise-induced PFAA response, with the competition phase being the most distinct from the others. Branched-chain amino acids (p = 0.002; η2 = 0.216), phenylalanine (p = 0.015; η2 = 0.153), methionine (p = 0.002; η2 = 0.206), and lysine (p = 0.006; η2 = 0.196) declined more rapidly between rest and exhaustion in the competition phase. Glutamine (p = 0.008; η2 = 0.255), glutamate (p = 0.006; η2 = 0.265), tyrosine (p = 0.001; η2 = 0.195), cystine (p = 0.042; η2 = 0.183), and serine (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.346) levels were reduced in the competition phase. Arginine (p = 0.046; η2 = 0.138) and aspartate (p = 0.011; η2 = 0.171) levels were highest during exercise in the transition phase. During the competition phase, α-aminoadipic acid (p = 0.023; η2 = 0.145), β-aminoisobutyric acid (p = 0.007; η2 = 0.167), β-alanine (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.473), and sarcosine (p = 0.017; η2 = 0.150) levels increased, whereas phosphoethanolamine (p = 0.037; η2 = 0.189) and taurine (p = 0.008; η2 = 0.251) concentrations decreased. Overtraining indicators were not elevated. The altered PFAA profile suggests adaptations within energy metabolic pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, ammonia neutralization, the purine nucleotide cycle, and buffering of intracellular H+ ions. The changes seem to reflect normal adaptations.