在护理点制备自体富血小板血浆(PRP)制剂。离心细胞密度分离将新鲜的血液单位隔离为三个主要部分:缺乏血小板的血浆(PPP)部分,富含血小板的地层(血小板浓缩物),和可变的白细胞生物制剂和红细胞部分。自体血小板浓缩物的使用促进了加速和支持可导致组织修复的许多细胞活动的生物潜力。组织再生,伤口愈合,and,最终,功能和结构修复。通常,PRP制备后,PPP部分被丢弃。PPP的一个不太为人所知但同样重要的特征是特定的生长因子(GF)在PRP中并不大量存在,因为它们位于血小板α颗粒之外。准确地说,胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和肝细胞生长因子(HGF)主要存在于PPP组分中。除了它们作为血管生成激活剂的作用外,这些基于血浆的GFs也可以抑制炎症和纤维化,它们促进角质形成细胞迁移并支持组织修复和伤口愈合。此外,众所周知,PPP存在外泌体和其他大囊泡,发挥细胞-细胞通信和细胞信号传导。新开发的超滤技术结合了PPP处理方法,通过消除,以快速有效的方式,等离子水,细胞因子,分子,和分子量(重量)小于纤维孔径的血浆蛋白。因此,功能性总蛋白的活的和粘稠的蛋白质浓缩物,像纤维蛋白原一样,白蛋白,并产生α-2-巨球蛋白。将小体积的高血小板浓缩物与小体积的高度浓缩的富含蛋白质的PPP合并产生富含蛋白质的,富血小板血浆(PR-PRP)生物制剂。蛋白质活化后,主要是纤维蛋白原,PR-PRP矩阵保留并促进入侵的常驻细胞之间的相互作用,像巨噬细胞一样,成纤维细胞,和间充质干细胞(MSCs),以及嵌入的浓缩PRP细胞和分子。施用的PR-PRP生物制剂最终将经历纤维蛋白溶解,导致保留在PR-PRP基质中直到基质溶解的浓缩细胞和分子的持续释放。我们将讨论PR-PRP基质的独特生物学和组织修复和再生特性。
Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparations are prepared at the point of care. Centrifugation cellular density separation sequesters a fresh unit of blood into three main fractions: a platelet-poor plasma (PPP) fraction, a stratum rich in platelets (platelet concentrate), and variable leukocyte bioformulation and erythrocyte fractions. The employment of autologous platelet concentrates facilitates the biological potential to accelerate and support numerous cellular activities that can lead to tissue repair, tissue regeneration, wound healing, and, ultimately, functional and structural repair. Normally, after PRP preparation, the PPP fraction is discarded. One of the less well-known but equally important features of PPP is that particular growth factors (GFs) are not abundantly present in PRP, as they reside outside of the platelet alpha granules. Precisely, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are mainly present in the PPP fraction. In addition to their roles as angiogenesis activators, these plasma-based GFs are also known to inhibit inflammation and fibrosis, and they promote keratinocyte migration and support tissue repair and wound healing. Additionally, PPP is known for the presence of exosomes and other macrovesicles, exerting cell-cell communication and cell signaling. Newly developed ultrafiltration technologies incorporate PPP processing methods by eliminating, in a fast and efficient manner, plasma water, cytokines, molecules, and plasma proteins with a molecular mass (weight) less than the pore size of the fibers. Consequently, a viable and viscous protein concentrate of functional total proteins, like fibrinogen, albumin, and alpha-2-macroglobulin is created. Consolidating a small volume of high platelet concentrate with a small volume of highly concentrated protein-rich PPP creates a protein-rich, platelet-rich plasma (PR-PRP) biological preparation. After the activation of proteins, mainly fibrinogen, the PR-PRP matrix retains and facilitates interactions between invading resident cells, like macrophages, fibroblast, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as well as the embedded concentrated PRP cells and molecules. The administered PR-PRP biologic will ultimately undergo fibrinolysis, leading to a sustained release of concentrated cells and molecules that have been retained in the PR-PRP matrix until the matrix is dissolved. We will discuss the unique biological and tissue reparative and regenerative properties of the PR-PRP matrix.