陆地鱼类生产中的水质可以通过瞬时水交换或昂贵的废水处理,然后进行再循环来控制。农业-水产养殖一体化是降低养分排放水平的优秀替代技术,提高盈利能力,并将养鱼废水转化为有价值的产品。目前的研究采用了一个太阳能系统来为两个独立的IMTA-aquaponics系统(营养膜技术,NFT,和浮筏系统,FRS)用于种植尼罗罗非鱼,非洲鲶鱼,薄唇灰乌鱼,淡水小龙虾,淡水贻贝,和各种各样的蔬菜。罗非鱼和cat鱼只在IMTA系统下的饮食中喂养。所有来自罗非鱼和鲶鱼池塘的废水,溶解和固体,依次流向含有其他栽培物种的池塘。然后,水通过IMTA系统的终点流向NFT和FRS系统,然后返回罗非鱼和cat鱼塘,允许在整个循环系统中完全控制营养流。完成了两个147天的生产周期。报告了第二生产周期的结果。IMTA系统中水生物种的总生物量增益为736.46kg,相比之下,罗非鱼为145.49公斤,鲶鱼为271.01公斤。当前IMTA系统的累积饲料转化率(FCR)为0.90,而罗非鱼和cat鱼的FCR分别为1.28和1.42。尼罗罗非鱼和鲶鱼消耗571.90公斤饲料含有25.70公斤的氮(N)和9.70公斤的磷(P),反射,并获得11.41和3.93千克的膳食氮和磷,代表44.40%和40.46%的膳食氮和磷滞留,分别。在IMTA系统中,添加鱼和对虾作为有害水生动物,将饮食中的氮和磷利用效率提高到59.06%和51.19%,分别,而添加贻贝作为食草动物将饮食中的氮和磷利用效率提高到65.61%和54.67%,分别。最后,使用FRS和NFT作为水培系统可将日粮N和P效率提高到83.51%N和96.82%P,分别。这项研究表明,IMTA-Aquaponic系统,作为一个生物集成的食品生产系统,可以将大多数鱼食残留物转化为适合沙漠的有价值的产品,农村,贫困和发展中国家的城市地区。
Water quality in land-based fish production can be controlled through either instantaneous water exchange or costly wastewater treatment followed by recirculation. Agricultural-aquaculture integration is an excellent alternative technique for reducing nutrient discharge levels, boosting profitability, and converting fish culture wastewater into valuable products. The current study employed a solar energy system to power two separate IMTA-aquaponics systems (Nutrient Film Technique, NFT, and Floating Raft Systems, FRS) for the cultivation of Nile
tilapia, African catfish, thin-lipped grey mullet, freshwater crayfish, freshwater mussels, and a variety of vegetables.
Tilapia and catfish were fed exclusively on diets under the IMTA system. All wastewater from
tilapia and catfish ponds, both dissolved and solid, flows sequentially to ponds containing other cultivated species. The water then flows through the IMTA system\'s terminal point to the NFT and FRS systems before returning to the tilapia and catfish ponds, allowing complete control of the nutrient flow throughout this entire circular system. Two 147-day production cycles were concluded. The results from the second production cycle are reported. Total biomass gain for aquatic species in the IMTA system was 736.46 kg, compared to 145.49 kg in the tilapia and 271.01 kg in the catfish monoculture systems. The current IMTA system had a cumulative feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 0.90, while the FCRs for
tilapia and catfish were 1.28 and 1.42, respectively. Nile
tilapia and catfish consumed 571.90 kg of feed containing 25.70 kg of nitrogen (N) and 9.70 kg of phosphorus (P), reflecting, and gaining 11.41 and 3.93 kg of dietary N and P, representing 44.40 and 40.46% dietary N and P retention, respectively. In the IMTA system, the addition of mullet and prawn as detrivores aquatic animals improves dietary N and P utilization efficiency to 59.06 and 51.19%, respectively, while the addition of mussels as herbivore animals improves dietary N and P utilization efficiency to 65.61 and 54.67%, respectively. Finally, using FRS and NFT as hydroponic systems increased dietary N and P efficiency to 83.51% N and 96.82% P, respectively. This study shows that the IMTA-Aquaponic system, as a bio-integrated food production system, can convert the majority of fish-fed residues into valuable products suitable for desert, rural, and urban areas in impoverished and developing countries.