背景:全球变暖正在增加人们对水生动物如何调节其生理表现并应对温度变化的兴趣。因此,了解变暖下鱼类的行为变化和分子基础对个体和群体的生存至关重要。这可以为评估全球变暖的影响提供实验证据和资源。
目的:构建了3个鲤鱼遗传家族。这些青少年被构造成短期(4天)和长期(30天)的变暖小组,以研究变暖对行为反应的影响,并阐明变暖驱动行为的潜在潜在潜在机制。
方法:使用行为测试来探索短期和长期暴露于变暖对C.carpio游泳行为的影响。脑转录组结合神经系统活动的测量被用来进一步研究变暖下的综合神经分子机制。
结果:长期变暖组对幼年C.carpio游泳行为的下降有更显着的影响。此外,大脑比较转录组学分析结合神经系统活动的测量显示,参与细胞骨架组织的基因,线粒体调节,和能量代谢是气候变暖下青少年行为的主要调节因素。重要的是,尤其是在长期变暖的群体中,相关基因表达的富集分析表明,突触传递和信号转导的功能改变导致中枢神经系统游泳功能受损,正如行为测试所揭示的。
结论:我们的研究提供了在增温条件下幼鱼游泳活动减少的神经基因组机制的证据。这些发现对于理解气候变化对水生生态系统及其生物的影响具有重要意义。
BACKGROUND: Global warming is increasing interest in how aquatic animals can adjust their physiological performance and cope with temperature changes. Therefore, understanding the behavioral changes and molecular underpinnings in fish under warming is crucial for both the individual and groups survival. This could provide experimental evidence and resource for evaluating the impact of global warming.
OBJECTIVE: Three genetic families of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were generated. These juveniles were constructed short-term (4 days) and long-term (30 days) warming groups to investigate the effects of warming on behavioral responses and to elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms of warming-driven behavior.
METHODS: Behavioral tests were used to explore the effects of short- and long-term exposure to warming on the swimming behavior of C. carpio. Brain transcriptome combined with measurement of nervous system activity was used to further investigated the comprehensive neuromolecular mechanisms under warming.
RESULTS: Long-term warming groups had a more significant impact on the decline of swimming behavior in juvenile C. carpio. Furthermore, brain comparative transcriptomic analysis combined with measurement of nervous system activity revealed that genes involved in cytoskeletal organization, mitochondrial regulation, and energy metabolism are major regulators of behavior in the juvenile under warming. Importantly, especially in the long-term warming groups, enrichment analysis of associated gene expression suggested functional alterations of synaptic transmission and signal transduction leading to swimming function impairment in the central nervous system, as revealed by behavioral tests.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides evidence of the neurogenomic mechanism underlying the decreased swimming activity in juvenile C. carpio under warming. These findings have important implications for understanding the impacts of climate change on aquatic ecosystems and the organisms that inhabit them.