背景:抗惊厥脸,“鼻子短,宽阔的鼻梁,后背褶皱,大嘴巴,在1970年代描述了在怀孕期间暴露于抗惊厥药物苯妥英和苯巴比妥的儿童。激光扫描可以建立身体特征的三维位置,并更客观地确定怀孕期间暴露于这些抗惊厥药物的儿童面部受影响软组织的大小和形状的变化。
方法:13个人,在整个怀孕期间暴露于苯妥英作为单一疗法或多疗法,在先前的分析中,根据头颅X光片的测量结果,确定其颅面特征发生了显着变化。这些变化与中面部发育不全和鼻子短有关,抗惊厥脸的特征。“他们面部的软组织已经用激光扫描进行了评估。
结果:通过激光扫描确定的软组织的显着变化是宽hiltrum(cph-cph),窄嘴(ch-ch),短鼻梁(n-prn),缩短鼻子高度(n-sn),和变平的轨道(轨道突起指数)。
结论:这项对暴露于苯妥英钠的个体的面部特征的分析,选择是因为颅面骨结构的变化,表明有几个重大变化,其中两个,扩大人脉和小嘴巴,以前没有被描述为这种表型的一部分。
BACKGROUND: The \"anticonvulsant face,\" with a short nose, broad nasal bridge, epicanthal folds, and wide mouth, was described in the 1970s in children who had been exposed during pregnancy to the anticonvulsant drugs phenytoin and phenobarbital. The laser light scan makes it possible to establish three-dimensional positions of physical features and to determine more objectively the changes in the size and shape of the affected soft tissues of the faces of children exposed to these anticonvulsant drugs during pregnancy.
METHODS: Thirteen individuals, exposed throughout pregnancy to phenytoin as either monotherapy or polytherapy, were identified in a previous analysis as having significant changes in their craniofacial features based on measurements of cephalometric radiographs. Those changes were associated with midface hypoplasia and a short nose, features of the \"anticonvulsant face.\" The soft tissues of their faces have been evaluated with laser light scans.
RESULTS: The notable changes in soft tissues identified by laser light scans were a wide philtrum (cph-cph), narrow mouth (ch-ch), short nasal bridge (n-prn), shortened nose height (n-sn), and flattened orbits (orbital protrusion index).
CONCLUSIONS: This analysis of the facial features of phenytoin-exposed individuals, selected because of changes in their craniofacial bony structures, showed that there were several significant changes, two of which, widening of the philtrum and a small mouth, have not been described previously as part of this phenotype.