背景:向日葵综合征是一种罕见的光敏性小儿癫痫,其特征是在明亮的灯光下出现刻板的挥手反应。这些保持意识的刻板运动可能会被误认为是运动障碍。这项研究评估了神经病学提供者的诊断推理,评估,和向日葵综合征的治疗。
方法:32个问题的匿名电子调查,包括临床小插图和在阳光下挥手的视频,分发给儿童神经病学提供者,以评估(1)基于临床信息的初步诊断和评估,(2)脑电图(EEG)后更新诊断和管理,和(3)向日葵综合征的经验。
结果:在277项调查中,211名受访者提供了有关初步诊断和评估的信息,200关于更新的诊断,191关于管理,和189关于以前的临床经验。大多数提供者(135,64%)怀疑癫痫发作,而较少怀疑运动障碍(29,14%)或不确定诊断(37,22%)。EEG推荐180例(85%)。脑电图后,189(95%)诊断为癫痫,其中111人特别诊断为向日葵综合征。大多数(149,78%)推荐抗癫痫药物(ASM)和避免阳光(181,95%)。只有103(55%)患有向日葵综合症。癫痫学家和有临床经验的人更有可能怀疑癫痫发作,订购脑电图,并提供比没有经验的ASM。
结论:尽管许多提供者没有管理向日葵综合征,大多数人认为这种表现与癫痫有关.癫痫训练和先前的临床经验与改善的认识和适当的治疗有关。提高对向日葵综合征认识的教育举措可能会改善患者护理。
BACKGROUND: Sunflower syndrome is a rare photosensitive pediatric epilepsy characterized by stereotyped hand-waving in response to bright lights. These stereotyped movements with maintained awareness can be mistaken for a movement disorder. This study assessed neurology providers\' diagnostic reasoning, evaluation, and treatment of Sunflower syndrome.
METHODS: A 32-question anonymized electronic survey, including a clinical vignette and video of hand-waving in sunlight, was distributed to child neurology providers to assess (1) initial diagnosis and evaluation based on clinical information, (2) updated diagnosis and management after electroencephalography (EEG), and (3) prior experience with Sunflower syndrome.
RESULTS: Among 277 viewed surveys, 211 respondents provided information about initial diagnosis and evaluation, 200 about updated diagnosis, 191 about management, and 189 about prior clinical experience. Most providers (135, 64%) suspected seizure, whereas fewer suspected movement disorders (29, 14%) or were unsure of the diagnosis (37, 22%). EEG was recommended by 180 (85%). After EEG, 189 (95%) diagnosed epilepsy, 111 of whom specifically diagnosed Sunflower syndrome. The majority (149, 78%) recommended antiseizure medications (ASMs) and sun avoidance (181, 95%). Only 103 (55%) had managed Sunflower syndrome. Epileptologists and those with prior clinical experience were more likely to suspect a seizure, order an EEG, and offer ASMs than those without prior experience.
CONCLUSIONS: Although many providers had not managed Sunflower syndrome, the majority recognized this presentation as concerning for epilepsy. Epilepsy training and prior clinical experience are associated with improved recognition and appropriate treatment. Educational initiatives that increase awareness of Sunflower syndrome may improve patient care.