背景:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是全球死亡率的重要因素。发病机制的主要归因因素是代谢综合征,肥胖,糖尿病,等等,但是它的早期检测指标仍然难以捉摸。
目的:本研究旨在比较临床,生物化学,2型糖尿病伴和不伴OSA患者的多导睡眠图特征。
方法:这项横断面研究是在大安医学院和医院的医学和内分泌科进行的,卢迪亚娜.共584名2型糖尿病患者使用柏林问卷进行评估,302符合OSA高风险标准。在符合高风险类别标准的302名患者中,110名患者接受了睡眠研究。
结果:符合纳入和排除标准的三百零两名患者被纳入研究。共有110名患者接受了睡眠研究,其中68人(61.8%)有OSA的证据。OSA患者的腰臀比明显高于非OSA组(1.09vs0.930,p=0.001)。在58.8%的OSA患者中发现HbA1c>7%,与38.1%的非OSA患者相反。OSA患者中空腹血糖水平(>126mg/dl)的比例明显高于非OSA患者(64.7%vs45.2%,p=0.04)。同样,OSA患者的周围神经病变比非OSA患者更常见(47%vs.26.1%,p=0.02)。视网膜病变的患病率,肾病,冠状动脉疾病,中风,心力衰竭,外周血管疾病在两组间无显著差异.
结论:OSA常见于2型糖尿病患者。在这一人口统计学中迅速识别OSA是必要的,以查明那些在诸如周围神经病变等疾病中屈服的高风险。血糖控制的恶化,和未控制的高血压的发作。此外,2型糖尿病患者的腰臀比与OSA患病率呈正相关,强调腰臀比评估在该患者人群中的关键作用.
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been a significant contributor to mortality all across the globe. The most attributing factors to pathogenesis are metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, and so on, but the indicators of its early detection are still elusive.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to compare the clinical, biochemical, and polysomnographic characteristics of type 2 diabetes patients with and without OSA.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine and Endocrinology Unit of Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana. A total of 584 patients with type 2 diabetes were assessed using the Berlin questionnaire, with 302 fulfilling the criteria for a high risk of OSA. Out of 302 patients who met the criteria for the high-risk category, 110 patients underwent a sleep study.
RESULTS: Three hundred and two patients satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. A total of 110 patients underwent a sleep study, of which 68 (61.8%) had evidence of OSA. The waist-to-hip ratio was considerably higher in the OSA patients than in the non-OSA group (1.09 vs 0.930, p = 0.001). HbA1c >7% was found in 58.8% of OSA patients contrary to 38.1% of non-OSA patients. Fasting plasma glucose levels (>126 mg/dl) were identified in a substantially larger proportion of OSA patients than the non-OSA patients (64.7% vs 45.2%, p = 0.04). Similarly, peripheral neuropathy was found more commonly in the OSA patients than in the non-OSA patients (47% vs. 26.1%, p = 0.02). Prevalence of retinopathy, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease did not differ significantly between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: OSA frequently occurs among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prompt identification of OSA within this demographic is imperative to pinpoint those at an elevated risk of succumbing to conditions such as peripheral neuropathy, the exacerbation of glycemic control, and the onset of unmanaged hypertension. Moreover, there exists a positive correlation between the waist-to-hip ratio and the prevalence of OSA in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus, highlighting the critical role of waist-to-hip ratio assessments in this patient population.