严重急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)在全球200多个国家/地区传播,目前的病死率(CFR)超过2%。空气污染物的浓度被认为是导致在群众中传播冠状病毒疾病的关键因素。光化学过程和煤燃烧会导致呼吸系统疾病,从而导致冠状病毒病。基于关键的事实,该研究评估了一氧化二氮(N2O)排放的影响,煤燃烧,世界上39个受影响最严重的国家组成的小组对COVID-19病例的交通排放。这三个空气污染因素被认为形成了致命的烟雾,对患者的呼吸系统产生负面影响,导致全球对冠状病毒的易感性增加。该研究使用Markov两步切换状态回归模型来获得参数估计。相比之下,创新会计矩阵用于评估烟雾因素对随着时间的推移可能增加的冠状病毒病例的强度。结果表明,N2O排放,煤燃烧,交通排放增加了方案1中的COVID-19病例。另一方面,N2O排放显著增加了方案2中的冠状病毒病例。创新核算矩阵显示,N2O排放可能在冠状病毒病例增加中占更大份额,方差为33.902%,其次是煤燃烧(即,6.643%)和交通排放(即,2.008%)在时间范围内。研究结论认为,应透过严格的环保政策维持空气质素水平,比如碳定价,可持续城市规划,绿色技术进步,可再生燃料,和污染较少的车辆。所有这些措施可能会减少全球冠状病毒病例。
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread to more than 200 countries with a current case fatality ratio (CFR) of more than 2% globally. The concentration of air pollutants is considered a critical factor responsible for transmitting coronavirus disease among the masses. The photochemical process and coal combustions create respiratory disorders that lead to coronavirus disease. Based on the crucial fact, the study evaluated the impact of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, coal combustion, and traffic emissions on COVID-19 cases in a panel of 39 most affected countries of the world. These three air pollution factors are considered to form a lethal smog that negatively affects the patient\'s respiratory system, leading to increased susceptibility to coronavirus worldwide. The study used the Markov two-step switching regime regression model for obtaining parameter estimates. In contrast, an innovation accounting matrix is used to assess smog factors\' intensity on possibly increasing coronavirus cases over time. The results show that N2O emissions, coal combustion, and traffic emissions increase COVID-19 cases in regime-1. On the other hand, N2O emissions significantly increase coronavirus cases in regime-2. The innovation accounting matrix shows that N2O emissions would likely have a more significant share of increasing coronavirus cases with a variance of 33.902%, followed by coal combustion (i.e., 6.643%) and traffic emissions (i.e., 2.008%) over the time horizon. The study concludes that air quality levels should be maintained through stringent environmental policies, such as carbon pricing, sustainable urban planning, green technology advancement, renewable fuels, and pollution less accessible vehicles. All these measures would likely decrease coronavirus cases worldwide.