国家免疫技术咨询组(NITAG)是多学科的国家专家,向国家卫生当局提供循证疫苗政策建议。NITAG的一项基本职能是确保这些决定基于通过系统的,透明的过程。然而,在许多低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs),这种决策方法的经验是有限的。全球卫生工作队与疾病控制和预防中心合作管理流感疫苗引进伙伴关系(PIVI)计划,卫生部,公司合作伙伴和其他人。在2017年期间,PIVI与其国家合作伙伴以及世界卫生组织区域和地方办事处合作,评估了NITAG加强需求,并在7个LMIC国家(老挝人民民主共和国、蒙古,越南,亚美尼亚,科特迪瓦;摩尔多瓦和格鲁吉亚共和国)。我们的讲习班支持NITAG的一般能力建设和使用该国感兴趣的疫苗的循证审查过程。对于审查季节性流感证据的NITAG,我们开发了一个流感资源包,以支持他们的审查,并以易于使用的格式提供与国家相关的信息。在训练的七个NITAG中,六个应用了一些学到的概念:修订或发展正式的透明,系统的操作程序;使用系统搜索的质量评估数据和当地数据编制季节性流感疫苗接种建议;并应用了为制定其他新疫苗建议而学到的原则。我们的经验证实,如果没有足够的技术支持或获得全球同行评审文献,LMICNITAG的资源严重不足。必须确保NITAG合作伙伴的持续支持,可能需要创造性的方法来帮助各国实现GVAP2020目标,并支持可持续疫苗政策和计划的制定。
National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) are multidisciplinary national experts who provide independent, evidence-informed vaccine policy recommendations to national health authorities. An essential
NITAG function is to ensure that these decisions are grounded in the best available evidence generated through a systematic, transparent process. However, in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), experience with this decision making method is limited. The Task Force for Global Health manages the Partnership for Influenza Vaccine Introduction (PIVI) program in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ministries of Health, corporate partners and others. During 2017, PIVI worked with its country partners and the World Health Organization regional and local offices to assess
NITAG strengthening needs and to provide technical assistance in 7 LMIC countries (Laos Peoples Democratic Republic, Mongolia, Vietnam, Armenia, Côte d\'Ivoire; Moldova and the Republic of Georgia). Our workshops supported general
NITAG capacity building and the evidence-based review process using vaccines of interest to the country. For NITAGs reviewing evidence on seasonal influenza, we developed an influenza resource package to support their review and provide country-relevant information in an easy to use format. Of the seven NITAGs trained, six have applied some of the concepts learnt: revision or development of formal transparent, systematic procedures for their operations; preparation of recommendations on seasonal influenza vaccination using quality-assessed data from systematic searches and local data; and have applied the principles learned for making other new vaccine recommendations. Our experience confirms that LMIC NITAGs are considerably under-resourced without adequate technical support or access to global peer-reviewed literature. Ongoing support from
NITAG partners must be secured and creative approaches might be needed to help countries achieve the GVAP 2020 target and support development of sustainable vaccine policies and programs.