Male breast cancer is an uncommon diagnosis with limited research on management and prognosis due to its rarity. We discuss a case of a 55-year-old male with a non-contributory past medical history who presented with an enlarging palpable mass of his right breast tissue at the 10:00 position. The ultrasound of the right breast showed a 2.8 cm heterogenous mass with irregular borders highly suspicious for malignancy. The follow-up sonogram-guided core biopsy was performed, and the pathology of the mass confirmed high-grade infiltrating ductal carcinoma. A modified radical mastectomy of the right breast with extensive axillary lymph node excision was performed. Genetic testing of the excised tumor revealed a MUTYH gene mutation and a BARD1 (BRCA1-associated RING domain 1) gene mutation of unknown significance. Histopathological analysis confirmed a Grade 2, ER/PR-positive, KI 67-positive, and HER2-negative tumor.

UNASSIGNED: Previous studies found that the long-term survival of male breast cancer patients differed from those of female patients, however, the conclusions were contradictory. We conducted the study to examine the sex disparity in breast cancer survival by carefully controlling demographic and clinical factors using data from the Shanghai Cancer Registry (SCR).
UNASSIGNED: Every male breast cancer patient was matched with four female patients by the diagnosis year, age, stage, and histology. We used Kaplan-Meier survival estimates to calculate the cumulative observed overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates and log-rank tests to compare the survival rates by sex. We used Cox proportional-hazards regression models to assess the association between sex and risk of death.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 50,958 patients with breast cancer (0.85% male) were registered in the SCR between 2002 and 2013. After matching, 434 male and 1,736 female patients were included in the study. With a median follow-up of 10 years, men with breast cancer showed worse OS (P<0.001) and CSS (P<0.001) than did women. The 5- and 10-year OS rates for male and female patients were 67.27% and 77.75%, and 45.95% and 62.60%, respectively; the 5- and 10-year CSS rates for male and female patients were 70.19% and 79.79%, and 50.57% and 67.20%, respectively. Compared with women, men had 65% increased risk of overall death [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.42-1.92] and 70% increased risk of cancer-specific death (95% CI: 1.44-2.00).
UNASSIGNED: This study found male patients with breast cancer had poorer long-term survival than women in China.

BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer (MBC) represents a rare subtype of breast cancer, with limited prognostic factor studies available. The purpose of this research was to develop a unique nomogram for predicting MBC patient overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS).
METHODS: From 2010 to 2020, clinical characteristics of male breast cancer patients were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Following univariate and multivariate analyses, nomograms for OS and BCSS were created. Kaplan-Meier plots were further generated to illustrate the relationship between independent risk variables and survival. The nomogram\'s ability to discriminate was measured by employing the area under a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration curves. Additionally, when the nomogram was used to direct clinical practice, we also used decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the clinical usefulness and net clinical benefits.
RESULTS: A total of 2143 patients were included in this research. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that age, grade, surgery, chemotherapy status, brain metastasis status, subtype, marital status, race, and AJCC-T, AJCC-N, and AJCC-M stages were significantly correlated with OS. Lung metastasis, age, marital status, grade, surgery, and AJCC-T, AJCC-N, and AJCC-M stages were significantly correlated with BCSS. By comprising these variables, a predictive nomogram was constructed in the SEER cohort. Then, it could be validated well in the validation cohort by receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) curve and calibration plot. Furthermore, the nomogram demonstrated better decision curve analysis (DCA) results, indicating the ability to forecast survival probability with greater accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS: We created and validated a unique nomogram that can assist clinicians in identifying MBC patients at high risk and forecasting their OS/BCSS.

Male breast cancer is a rare disease, and it is important to have a high index of suspicion in patients presenting with breast symptoms, such as a breast mass or nipple discharge. Most male patients who are diagnosed with breast cancer present with breast complaints and/or a strong family history of cancer. Here, we will present a 47-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with bilateral ductal carcinoma in situ during a routine gynecomastia surgery after massive weight loss. This case demonstrates the importance of sending breast tissue specimens for pathology, especially in a male patient.

Male breast cancer (MBC), one of the rare types of cancer among men where the global incidence rate is 1.8% of all breast cancers cases with a yearly increase in a pace of 1.1%. Since the last 10 years, the incidence has been increased from 7.2% to 10.3% and the mortality rate was decreased from 11% to 3.8%. Nevertheless, the rate of diagnoses has been expected to be around 2.6% in the near future, still there is a great lack in studies to characterize the MBC including the developed countries. Based on our search, it is evidenced from the literature that the number of risk factors for the cause of MBC are significant, which includes the increase in age, family genetic history, mutations in specific genes due to various environmental impacts, hormonal imbalance and unregulated expression receptors for specific hormones of high levels of estrogen or androgen receptors compared to females. MBCs are broadly classified into ductal and lobular carcinomas with further sub-types, with some of the symptoms including a lump or swelling in the breast, redness of flaky skin in the breast, irritation and nipple discharge that is similar to the female breast cancer (FBC). The most common diagnostic tools currently in use are the ultrasound guided sonography, mammography, and biopsies. Treatment modalities for MBC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapies. However, the guidelines followed for the diagnosis and treatment modalities of MBC are mostly based on FBC that is due to the lack of prospective studies related to MBC. However, there are distinct clinical and molecular features of MBC, it is a need to develop different clinical methods with more multinational approaches to help oncologist to improve care for MBC patients.

BACKGROUND: Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can improve quality of life for men with hypogonadism. However, it is generally avoided in patients with a history of prostate cancer or breast cancer as there is uncertainty about risks. This case illustrates an example of synchronous metastatic prostate cancer and male breast cancer following TRT.
METHODS: A 72-year-old man with previously treated intermediate-risk prostate adenocarcinoma experienced a gradual rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) while self-administering testosterone replacement. He was later found to have recurrent metastatic prostate cancer and prior to initiating androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), he was also diagnosed with male breast cancer. His treatment has consisted of continued ADT for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) as well as surgical resection of his breast cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: ADT plays a role in treatment of male breast cancer and prostate cancer. TRT remains relatively contraindicated in patients with a history of these malignancies, but the evidence supporting this recommendation is somewhat limited.
CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the potential risk for synchronous recurrent prostate and new male breast cancer following TRT. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the increased risks of these malignancies with TRT.

UNASSIGNED: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare condition, and recent research has underscored notable distinctions between MBC and breast cancer in women. This study aimed to assess and contrast the long-term survival outcomes and disease patterns of MBC patients with those of their female counterparts.
UNASSIGNED: We analyzed data from 113,845 patients diagnosed with breast cancer who had undergone curative surgery from the Korean Breast Cancer Registry (KBCR) between January 1990 and August 2014 in Seoul, Korea. The five-year overall survival was analyzed according to clinicopathological characteristics.
UNASSIGNED: Among 113,845 patients with breast cancer, 473 MBC cases were included. The median duration of follow-up was 72 months. The median age at diagnosis was 60 and 48 years for MBC and female breast cancer, respectively. Most male patients (92.6%) underwent total mastectomy, while 50.4% of female patients underwent breast-conserving surgery. Among MBC, 63.2% received chemotherapy, and 83.9% of hormone receptor-positive male patients received endocrine therapy. In survival analysis, MBC demonstrated distinct 5-year overall survival patterns compared with female breast cancer, according to age at diagnosis. In women with breast cancer, the younger age group (≤40 years) demonstrated worse 5-year overall survival than did the older age group (>40 years) (91.3% vs 92.7%, p <0.05). While in MBC, the younger age group (≤40 years) demonstrated better 5-year overall survival than did the older age group (>40 years) (97.4% vs 86.4%, p <0.05).
UNASSIGNED: In conclusion within this extensive cohort, we have revealed unique survival patterns in MBC that diverge from those observed in women with breast cancer. This study enhances our comprehension of MBC prognosis and can potentially shed light on unresolved questions, paving the way for future research in the realm of MBC.

UNASSIGNED: Although hereditary male neoplasms are quite rare, individuals harbouring germline BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs) may have a risk of developing tumours associated with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome, including male breast (MBC), prostate (PCa) and pancreatic (PC) cancers, and melanoma. Women and men showed a comparable genetic architecture of cancer susceptibility, but there are some gender-specific features. Since little is known about cancer genetic susceptibility in male population, our study was aimed at investigating the frequency of BRCA1/2 PVs in men with HBOC syndrome-associated tumors, in order to understand whether differences in gender may reflect in the prevalence and spectrum of germline alterations.
UNASSIGNED: We retrospectively collected and analysed clinical information of 352 HBOC-associated male cancer patients genetically tested for germline BRCA1/2 PVs by Next-Generation Sequencing analysis, enrolled, from February 2018 to January 2024, at the \"Regional Center for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of rare and heredo-familial tumors of adults\" of the University-Hospital Policlinico \"P. Giaccone\" of Palermo (Italy).
UNASSIGNED: Our investigation revealed that 7.4% of patients was carrier of a germline BRCA PV, with an almost total prevalence of BRCA2 alterations. In particular, 65.4% of BRCA-positive patients developed MBC, 19.2% had PC, 11.6% developed PCa, and only 3.8% had melanoma. Specifically, MBC individuals showed a BRCA-associated genetic predisposition in 17% of cases, whereas patients with PCa or PC exhibited a lower frequency of BRCA2 PVs, taking into account the current national criteria for access to germline genetic testing.
UNASSIGNED: Our study showed a high heterogeneity in prevalence of germline BRCA2 PVs among men which could reflect a potential gender-specific genetic heterogeneity. Therefore, BRCA-associated male tumours could be due to BRCA2 PVs different from those usually detected in women. In the event that it is demonstrated, in future, that male cancers are genetically distinct entities from those female this could improve personalized risk evaluation and guide therapeutic choices for patients of both sexes, in order to obtain a gender equality in cancer care.

This is a case report of a 76-year-old Filipino male who presented with a six-year history of a steadily growing left breast mass. The mass was eventually diagnosed to be Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Anatomic and Prognostic Stage IIIB (T4b cN0 M0), Grade 3, Luminal A. Subsequently, the patient underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel, followed by modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection, concluded by post-mastectomy radiation therapy. The patient had complete clinical response to this trimodality therapy. The rarity of this case is juxtaposed and integrated with the present literature on male breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease. Although several large-scale studies have investigated MBC patients in other countries, the features of MBC patients in China have not been fully explored. This study aims to explore the features of Chinese MBC patients comprehensively.
METHODS: We retrospectively collected data of MBC patients from 36 centers in China. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analyses. Multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors of the patients.
RESULTS: In total, 1119 patients were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 60.9 years, and a significant extension over time was observed (P < 0.001). The majority of the patients (89.1 %) received mastectomy. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed in 7.8 % of the patients diagnosed in 2009 or earlier, and this percentage increased significantly to 38.8 % in 2020 or later (P < 0.001). The five-year OS rate for the population was 85.5 % [95 % confidence interval (CI), 82.8 %-88.4 %]. Multivariate Cox analysis identified taxane-based [T-based, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.32, 95 % CI, 0.13 to 0.78, P = 0.012] and anthracycline plus taxane-based (A + T-based, HR = 0.47, 95 % CI, 0.23 to 0.96, P = 0.037) regimens as independent protective factors for OS. However, the anthracycline-based regimen showed no significance in outcome (P = 0.175).
CONCLUSIONS: As the most extensive MBC study in China, we described the characteristics, treatment and prognosis of Chinese MBC population comprehensively. T-based and A + T-based regimens were protective factors for OS in these patients. More research is required for this population.