■肉芽肿性乳腺炎是一种罕见的乳房炎症性疾病,可能是特发性或继发病因。这种疾病影响育龄妇女。特发性肉芽肿性乳腺炎(IGM)的确切病理生理学尚不清楚,但它被认为是由免疫过程介导的。建立这种情况的诊断可能是具有挑战性的,因为它产生了一长串的鉴别诊断。
我们报告了一位24岁的叙利亚女性到诊所就诊,抱怨有2周的疲劳史,发烧和发冷,肿胀,左乳房局部疼痛.体格检查显示结节性红斑,上巩膜炎,手腕关节痛,脚踝,和肘部。进行了切除活检,并对病变进行了显微镜检查,证实了肉芽肿性小叶周围乳腺炎。手术切除后症状缓解,随访评估未显示复发迹象。
■IGM通常表现为增大的乳房肿块,可能被误认为是乳腺癌或脓肿。诊断方法应考虑乳房外症状的存在,例如发烧,关节痛,和疲劳。治疗方案包括皮质类固醇,手术切除,或者类固醇保护剂,但复发率不同.
■在IGM病例中,应将巩膜外炎视为潜在的乳房外表现。我们强调认识和调查IGM患者潜在的全身受累的重要性。多学科乳腺团队对病理和放射学发现的准确解释可以促进诊断并减少不必要的干预。
UNASSIGNED: Granulomatous mastitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the breast, which can be either idiopathic or due to secondary etiology. This disease affects women of reproductive age. The exact pathophysiology underlying idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) remains unclear, but it is believed to be mediated by immunological processes. Establishing a diagnosis of this condition could be challenging due to the long list of differential diagnoses that it creates.
UNASSIGNED: We report a 24-year-old Syrian female presented to the clinic complaining of a 2-week history of fatigue, fever and chills, swelling, and localized pain in her left breast. Physical examination revealed erythema nodosum, episcleritis, and arthralgia in the wrists, ankles, and elbows. An excisional biopsy was done and a microscopic examination of the lesion confirmed granulomatous perilobular mastitis. Symptoms had resolved after the surgical excision and follow-up evaluation showed no signs of recurrence.
UNASSIGNED: IGM typically presents as an enlarging breast mass that can be mistaken for breast cancer or an abscess. The diagnostic approach should consider the presence of extramammary symptoms such as fever, arthralgia, and fatigue. Treatment options include corticosteroids, surgical excision, or steroid-sparing agents, but relapse rates vary.
UNASSIGNED: Episcleritis should be considered as a potential extramammary manifestation in cases of IGM. We highlight the importance of recognizing and investigating the potential systemic involvement in patients with IGM. Accurate interpretation of pathological and radiological findings by a multidisciplinary breast team can facilitate the diagnosis and reduce unnecessary interventions.