SnijdersBlok-Campeau综合征(SNIBCPS,OMIM#618205)是一种极其罕见的疾病,迄今仅报告了大约60例。SNIBCPS属于神经发育障碍(NDDs)组。SNIBCPS患者的临床特征包括整体发育迟缓,智力残疾,言语和语言障碍以及自闭症谱系障碍等行为障碍。此外,SNIBCPS患者表现出典型的畸形特征,包括大头畸形,超端粒,稀疏的眉毛,宽阔的前额,突出的鼻子和尖下巴。神经效应的严重程度以及其他特征的存在在受试者之间是可变的。SNIBCPS可能是由CHD3(染色体域解旋酶DNA结合蛋白3)中的致病性和致病性变体引起的,这似乎参与了通过去乙酰化组蛋白的染色质重塑。这里,我们报告了另外20例临床特征与SNIBCPS相符的患者,这些患者来自17个无关的家庭,这些家庭证实CHD3中可能有致病/致病变异.通过全外显子组测序分析患者,并通过Sanger测序进行分离研究。这项研究中的患者表现出不同的致病变体,影响蛋白质的几个功能结构域。此外,此处描述的变体均未在对照人群数据库中报告,大多数计算预测因子表明它们是有害的。整个患者队列中最常见的临床特征是整体发育迟缓(98%)和言语障碍/延迟(92%)。其他常见特征(51-74%)包括智力障碍,低张力,超端粒,视力异常,大头畸形和突出的前额,在其他人中。这项研究扩大了由于CHD3中的致病性或可能的致病性变异而确认SNIBCPS的个体数量。此外,我们增加了证据,证明对NDD患者应用大规模平行测序的重要性,这些患者的临床诊断可能具有挑战性,并且深度表型分析对于准确管理和随访患者非常有用.
Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome (SNIBCPS, OMIM# 618205) is an extremely infrequent disease with only approximately 60 cases reported so far. SNIBCPS belongs to the group of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Clinical features of patients with SNIBCPS include global developmental delay, intellectual disability, speech and language difficulties and behavioral disorders like autism spectrum disorder. In addition, patients with SNIBCPS exhibit typical dysmorphic features including macrocephaly,
hypertelorism, sparse eyebrows, broad forehead, prominent nose and pointed chin. The severity of the neurological effects as well as the presence of other features is variable among subjects. SNIBCPS is caused likely by pathogenic and pathogenic variants in CHD3 (Chromodomain Helicase DNA Binding Protein 3), which seems to be involved in chromatin remodeling by deacetylating histones. Here, we report 20 additional patients with clinical features compatible with SNIBCPS from 17 unrelated families with confirmed likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants in CHD3. Patients were analyzed by whole exome sequencing and segregation studies were performed by Sanger sequencing. Patients in this study showed different pathogenic variants affecting several functional domains of the protein. Additionally, none of the variants described here were reported in control population databases, and most computational predictors suggest that they are deleterious. The most common clinical features of the whole cohort of patients are global developmental delay (98%) and speech disorder/delay (92%). Other frequent features (51-74%) include intellectual disability, hypotonia,
hypertelorism, abnormality of vision, macrocephaly and prominent forehead, among others. This study expands the number of individuals with confirmed SNIBCPS due to pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in CHD3. Furthermore, we add evidence of the importance of the application of massive parallel sequencing for NDD patients for whom the clinical diagnosis might be challenging and where deep phenotyping is extremely useful to accurately manage and follow up the patients.