形状记忆和自修复聚合物纳米复合材料由于其可改性的性能和有希望的应用而引起了广泛的关注。纳米材料(聚吡咯,羧甲基纤维素,碳纳米管,二氧化钛纳米管,石墨烯,石墨烯氧化石墨烯,介孔二氧化硅)进入这些聚合物中,显著提高了它们的性能,为多样化应用开辟新的途径。聚合物纳米复合材料的自修复能力取决于几个因素,包括热量,四重氢键,π-π堆叠,Diels-Alder反应,和金属-配体配位,它们共同控制复合材料内的相互作用。在可能的相互作用中,在大约室温下,复合材料成分之间仅有四重氢键可有效促进自我修复。相反,热响应自修复和形状记忆聚合物纳米复合材料需要升高的温度来启动愈合和恢复过程。热响应(TRSMPs),光致动,磁力驱动,讨论了电驱动形状记忆聚合物纳米复合材料。本文全面概述了SMP和SHP纳米复合材料中涉及的不同类型的相互作用,并研究了它们在室温和高温条件下的行为,以及它们的生物医学应用。在SMP的许多应用中,对生物医学(药物输送,正畸学,组织工程,骨科,血管内手术),航空航天(铰链,空间可展开结构,变形飞机),纺织品(透气面料,增强织物,自愈电磁干扰屏蔽织物),传感器,电(摩擦纳米发电机,信息储能设备),电子,油漆和自修复涂层,和建筑材料(聚合物水泥复合材料)的应用。
Shape memory and self-healing polymer nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention due to their modifiable properties and promising applications. The incorporation of nanomaterials (polypyrrole, carboxyl methyl cellulose, carbon nanotubes, titania nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, mesoporous silica) into these polymers has significantly enhanced their performance, opening up new avenues for diverse applications. The self-healing capability in polymer nanocomposites depends on several factors, including heat, quadruple hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, Diels-Alder reactions, and metal-ligand coordination, which collectively govern the interactions within the composite materials. Among possible interactions, only quadruple hydrogen bonding between composite constituents has been shown to be effective in facilitating self-healing at approximately room temperature. Conversely, thermo-responsive self-healing and shape memory polymer nanocomposites require elevated temperatures to initiate the healing and recovery processes. Thermo-responsive (TRSMPs), light-actuated, magnetically actuated, and Electrically actuated Shape Memory Polymer Nanocomposite are discussed. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the different types of interactions involved in SMP and SHP nanocomposites and examines their behavior at both room temperature and elevated temperature conditions, along with their biomedical applications. Among many applications of SMPs, special attention has been given to biomedical (drug delivery, orthodontics, tissue engineering, orthopedics, endovascular surgery), aerospace (hinges, space deployable structures, morphing aircrafts), textile (breathable fabrics, reinforced fabrics, self-healing electromagnetic interference shielding fabrics), sensor, electrical (triboelectric nanogenerators, information energy storage devices), electronic, paint and self-healing coating, and construction material (polymer cement composites) applications.