糖尿病神经病变(DN)是糖尿病的常见并发症,影响了超过50%的患者,导致巨大的痛苦和负担。目前,没有有效的治疗方法。细胞死亡被认为是促进DN进展的关键因素。本文回顾了细胞死亡是如何在DN中开始的,强调氧化应激的关键作用,线粒体功能障碍,炎症,内质网应激,和自噬。此外,我们对可能参与DN发病的细胞死亡机制进行了深入的综述,包括细胞凋亡,自噬,焦亡,和铁性凋亡,其中,以及这些死亡机制提供的潜在治疗靶点。这为将来预防和治疗糖尿病性神经病提供了潜在的途径。
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes, affecting over 50% of patients, leading to significant pain and a burden. Currently, there are no effective treatments available. Cell death is considered a key factor in promoting the progression of DN. This article reviews how cell death is initiated in DN, emphasizing the critical roles of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy. Additionally, we thoroughly summarize the mechanisms of cell death that may be involved in the pathogenesis of DN, including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, among others, as well as potential therapeutic targets offered by these death mechanisms. This provides potential pathways for the prevention and treatment of diabetic neuropathy in the future.