目的:研究荞麦-燕麦-豌豆(BOP)复合粉[荞麦∶燕麦∶豌豆=6∶1∶1(质量比)]对糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响。
方法:在本研究中,将64只雄性SD大鼠按空腹血糖(FBG)和体重分为8组:正常对照组,模型对照组,二甲双胍组,荞麦组,燕麦组,BOP低剂量组(BOP-L),中剂量组(BOP-M),高剂量组(BOP-H)。正常对照组大鼠饲喂正常饮食,模型对照组和二甲双胍组给予高脂饮食(HFD),荞麦组的老鼠,燕麦组,和BOP-L,BOP-M,BOP-H组用含10%荞麦粉的HFD喂养,10%燕麦粉,3.3%防喷器,10%防喷器,30%防喷器,分别。所有组中的HFD具有相同百分比的来自脂肪的能量(45%)。30天后,喂食HFD的大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(30mg/kg,每周一次,持续两周)以建立糖尿病。模型建立成功后,再给大鼠喂食28天。在研究期间,体重,食物摄入量/体重(FI/BW)和水摄入量/体重(WI/BW),食品利用率,24h尿量,FBG,定期测定口服葡萄糖耐量试验的葡萄糖曲线下面积(GAUC)。在研究结束时,测定空腹血糖和胰岛素,并计算胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估(HOMA-IR)。
结果:随着HFD和链脲佐菌素的诱导,与正常对照组相比,模型对照组大鼠有较高的FI/BW,WI/BW,24h尿量,FBG,GAUC,HOMA-IR(P<0.05),和较低的体重,食品利用率(P<0.05)。与模型对照组比较,三个防喷器组的大鼠体重均较高,食品利用率(P<0.05),和较低的WI/BW,HOMA-IR(P<0.05);BOP-L组和BOP-M组大鼠的FI/BW较低,24h尿量,FBG(P<0.05),BOP-M组大鼠的GAUC也较低(P<0.05)。糖尿病成立后,3个BOP组大鼠血糖等指标与荞麦组、燕麦组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
结论:BOP有降低血糖的作用,糖尿病大鼠的胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病症状,具有进一步开发利用的价值。
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of buckwheat-oat-pea (BOP) composite flour [buckwheat ∶ oats ∶ peas=6 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 (quality ratio)] on blood glucose in diabetic rats.
METHODS: In this study, 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 8 groups by fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight: normal control group, model control group, metformin group, buckwheat group, oats group, BOP low-dose group (BOP-L), medium-dose group (BOP-M), and high-dose group (BOP-H). The rats in the normal control group were fed with normal diet, the rats in the model control group and metformin group were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD), and the rats in the buckwheat group, oats group, and BOP-L, BOP-M, BOP-H groups were fed with HFD containing 10% buckwheat flour, 10% oat flour, 3.3% BOP, 10% BOP, 30% BOP, respectively. The HFD in all the groups had the same percentage of energy from fat (45%). After 30 days, the rats fed with HFD received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg, once a week for two weeks) to establish diabetes mellitus. After the model was successful established, the rats were fed for another 28 days. During the study, the body weight, food intake/body weight (FI/BW) and water intake/body weight (WI/BW), food utilization rate, 24 h urine volume, FBG, glucose area under curve (GAUC) of oral glucose tolerance test were measured regularly. At the end of the study, the fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated.
RESULTS: With the inducing of HFD and streptozotocin, compared with the normal control group, the rats in the model control group had higher FI/BW, WI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG, GAUC, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05), and lower body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05). Compared with the model control group, the rats in the three BOP groups all had higher body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05), and lower WI/BW, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05); the rats in the BOP-L and BOP-M groups had lower FI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG (P < 0.05), and the rats in the BOP-M group also had lower GAUC (P < 0.05). After the establishment of diabetes, there was no significant difference in blood glucose and the other indicators between the rats in the three BOP groups and the buckwheat group or the oats group (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The BOP had the effects of reducing blood glucose, insulin resistance and diabetic symptoms on diabetic rats, and had the value for further development and utilization.