许多因素会影响整个海拔梯度的山区生物多样性变化,并且认识到相对重要性对于理解物种分布机制至关重要。我们检查了长白山9个海拔(从600到2200ma.s.l)和针叶和阔叶林混交林到高山苔原的四种植被类型。我们评估了环境因素(气候和当地因素)和空间过程(地理或海拔距离)对oribatid螨群落组装的贡献,并从38科51属中确定了59种oribatid螨物种。随着标高的增加,物种丰富度和香农指数显著下降,而丰度则呈驼峰状趋势。土壤TP,NH4+-N,MAT,MAP,基于随机森林分析,海拔高度和海拔高度是影响oribatid螨群落的关键变量。此外,环境和空间因素,根据Mantel和部分Mantel检验,oribatid螨群落显着相关。地方特色(3.9%),气候因素(1.9%),和空间滤波(8.8%)在确定9个海拔带的oribatid螨群落中起着至关重要的作用(基于丰度数据的变异划分分析)。在相同的植被类型中,空间过程的影响相对较小,具有当地特征的oribatid螨群落变异的主要驱动因素。环境和空间过滤器共同形成了oribatid螨群落集合,它们的相对作用随海拔和植被类型而变化。这些发现对保护至关重要,restoration,和气候变化背景下的长白山生态系统的管理,以及对未来垂直生物梯度格局演化的预测。
Numerous factors influence mountain biodiversity variation across elevational gradients and recognizing the relative importance is vital for understanding species distribution mechanisms. We examined oribatid mites at nine elevations (from 600 to 2200 m a.s.l) and four vegetation types from mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests to alpine tundra on Changbai Mountain. We assessed the contribution of environmental factors (climatic and local factors) and spatial processes (geographic or elevation distances) to oribatid mite community assembly and identified 59 oribatid mite species from 38 families and 51 genera. With increasing elevation, species richness and the Shannon index declined significantly, whereas abundance followed a hump-shaped trend. Soil TP, NH4 +-N, MAT, MAP, and elevation were the critical variables shaping oribatid mite communities based on random forest analysis. Moreover, environmental and spatial factors, and oribatid mite communities were significantly correlated based on Mantel and partial Mantel tests. Local characteristics (3.9%), climatic factors (1.9%), and spatial filtering (8.8%) played crucial roles in determining oribatid mite communities across nine elevational bands (based on variation partitioning analyses of abundance data). Within the same vegetation types, spatial processes had relatively little effects, with local characteristics the dominant drivers of oribatid mite community variation. Environmental and spatial filters together shape oribatid mite community assembly and their relative roles varied with elevation and vegetation type. These findings are crucial for the conservation, restoration, and management of Changbai mountain ecosystems in the context of climate change, along with the prediction of future vertical biotic gradient pattern evolution.