A series of novel organogermanium(IV) catecholates 1-9 of the general formula R\'2Ge(Cat), where R\' = Ph, Et, have been synthesized. Compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of 1-3, 6, and 8 in crystal state were established using single-crystal X-ray analysis. The complexes are tetracoordinate germanium(IV) compounds containing a dioxolene ligand in a dianion (catecholato) form. Electrochemical transformations of target germanium(IV) complexes have been studied by cyclic voltammetry. The electro-oxidation mechanism of complexes 1-5, 7, and 10 (the related complex Ph2Ge(3,5-Cat) where 3,5-Cat is 3,5-di-tert-butylcatecholate) involves the consecutive formation of mono- and dicationic derivatives containing the oxidized forms of redox-active ligands. The stability of the generated monocations depends both on the hydrocarbon groups at the germanium atom and on the substituents in the catecholate ring. Compounds 6, 8, and 9 are oxidized irreversibly under the electrochemical conditions with the formation of unstable complexes. The radical scavenging activity and antioxidant properties of new complexes were estimated in the reaction with DPPH radical, ABTS radical cation, and CUPRACTEAC assay. It has been found that compounds 8 and 9 with benzothiazole or phenol fragments are more active in DPPH test. The presence of electron-rich moieties in the catecholate ligand makes complexes 5 and 7-9 more reactive to ABTS radical cation. The value of CUPRACTEAC for organogermanium(IV) catecholates varies from 0.23 to 1.45. The effect of compounds 1-9 in the process of lipid peroxidation of rat liver (Wistar) homogenate was determined in vitro. It was found that most compounds are characterized by pronounced antioxidant activity. A feature of complexes 1, 3, and 5-9 is the intensification of the antioxidant action with the incubation time. In the presence of additives of complexes 3, 5, 6, and 8, an induction period was observed during the process of lipid peroxidation.

In this paper, we present the structural, mechanical and electrical properties of composite cement materials that can be widely used as substituent for cement. We start with the characterization of a composite cement sample using an analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The measurements of the Vickers hardness, cyclic and sweep linear voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of composite cement materials were also recorded. This study compared the effect of the different nanocomposites added to cement on the mitigation of the alkali-silica reaction, which is responsible for the swelling, cracking and deleterious behavior of the material. The enhancement in Vickers hardness was more pronounced for composite cement materials. In contrast, the values of Vickers hardness decreased for the composite cement containing mortar and the control sample, suggesting that the long-term performance of cement was compromised. In order to obtain information about the bulk resistance of the composite cement material, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data were employed. The results suggest that for composite cement materials, there is an improvement in bulk electrical resistance, which can be attributed to the lower amounts of cracks and swelling due to lower expansion. In the control sample, a reduction in the bulk resistance suggests the formation of microcracks, which cause the aging and degradation of the material. The intersection of arcs in the EIS spectrum of the mixed composite cement sample gradually increased by an alkaline exposure of up to 21 days and finally shifted towards a low value of high frequency with an increase in alkaline exposure of up to 28 days.

The selection of an appropriate transducer is a key element in biosensor development. Currently, a wide variety of substrates and working electrode materials utilizing different fabrication techniques are used in the field of biosensors. In the frame of this study, the following three specific material configurations with gold-finish layers were investigated regarding their efficacy to be used as electrochemical (EC) biosensors: (I) a silicone-based sensor substrate with a layer configuration of 50 nm SiO/50 nm SiN/100 nm Au/30-50 nm WTi/140 nm SiO/bulk Si); (II) polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) with a gold inkjet-printed layer; and (III) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a screen-printed gold layer. Electrodes were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) to evaluate their performance as electrochemical transducers in an aptamer-based biosensor for the detection of cardiac troponin I using the redox molecule hexacyanoferrade/hexacyaniferrade (K3[Fe (CN)6]/K4[Fe (CN)6]. Baseline signals were obtained from clean electrodes after a specific cleaning procedure and after functionalization with the thiolate cardiac troponin I aptamers \"Tro4\" and \"Tro6\". With the goal of improving the PEN-based and PET-based performance, sintered PEN-based samples and PET-based samples with a carbon or silver layer under the gold were studied. The effect of a high number of immobilized aptamers will be tested in further work using the PEN-based sample. In this study, the charge-transfer resistance (Rct), anodic peak height (Ipa), cathodic peak height (Ipc) and peak separation (∆E) were determined. The PEN-based electrodes demonstrated better biosensor properties such as lower initial Rct values, a greater change in Rct after the immobilization of the Tro4 aptamer on its surface, higher Ipc and Ipa values and lower ∆E, which correlated with a higher number of immobilized aptamers compared with the other two types of samples functionalized using the same procedure.

In the recent era, 2D human pose estimation (HPE) has become an integral part of advanced computer vision (CV) applications, particularly in understanding human behaviors. Despite challenges such as occlusion, unfavorable lighting, and motion blur, advancements in deep learning have significantly enhanced the performance of 2D HPE by enabling automatic feature learning from data and improving model generalization. Given the crucial role of 2D HPE in accurately identifying and classifying human body joints, optimization is imperative. In response, we introduce the Spatially Oriented Attention-Infused Structured-Feature-enabled PoseResNet (SOCA-PRNet) for enhanced 2D HPE. This model incorporates a novel element, Spatially Oriented Attention (SOCA), designed to enhance accuracy without significantly increasing the parameter count. Leveraging the strength of ResNet34 and integrating Global Context Blocks (GCBs), SOCA-PRNet precisely captures detailed human poses. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that our model outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches, achieving a Percentage of Correct Keypoints at 0.5 (PCKh@0.5) of 90.877 at a 50% threshold and a Mean Precision (Mean@0.1) score of 41.137. These results underscore the potential of SOCA-PRNet in real-world applications such as robotics, gaming, and human-computer interaction, where precise and efficient 2D HPE is paramount.

Asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) with two dissimilar electrodes are known to exhibit relatively moderate energy and power densities. If electrodes derived from earth-abundant materials or renewable resources such as lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) are used for fabrication, energy storage systems are expected to become less expensive and more sustainable. Hybrid electrode materials have advantages such as higher surface area, better chemical stability, and superior energy density. This study reports on the synthesis of a novel hybrid electrode material containing porous carbon (POC) and copper ferrite, which is designated as POC@Cu-ferrite, and its electrochemical performance in ASC configuration. Corn stover derived hydrochar is utilized for the sol-gel synthesis of POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid material using earth-abundant Cu and Fe-based precursors. This material is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM). As-synthesized Cu-ferrite is found to contain 89.2% CuFe2O4 and 10.8% Fe2O3, whereas other phases such as Fe3O4, CuFeO2, and CuO are observed for the POC@Cu-ferrite. BET-specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume of POC@Cu-ferrite are observed as 1068 m2/g and 0.72 cm3/g, respectively. POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid electrode is used with POC opposite electrode to fabricate ASC, which is tested using Gamry G-300 potentiostat/galvanostat/ZRA to obtain cyclic voltammetry (CV) profiles and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) plots. ASC is also prepared using Cu-ferrite and POC materials and its specific capacitance and stability are compared with ASCs prepared with POC@Cu-ferrite and POC or graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) electrodes. POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid electrode is found to be superior with a 2-fold higher capacitance and significant electrochemical stability over 100 GCD cycles as compared to the Cu-ferrite electrode.

UNASSIGNED: Mental health issues of young minds are at the threshold of all development and possibilities. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), separation anxiety disorder (SAD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are three of the most common mental illness affecting children and adolescents. Several studies have been conducted on approaches for recognising OCD, SAD and ADHD, but their accuracy is inadequate due to limited features and participants. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the approach using machine learning (ML) algorithms with 1474 features from Australia\'s nationally representative mental health survey of children and adolescents.
UNASSIGNED: Based on the internal cross-validation (CV) score of the Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool (TPOTClassifier), the dataset has been examined using three of the most optimal algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), and Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GaussianNB).
UNASSIGNED: GaussianNB performs well in classifying OCD with 91% accuracy, 76% precision, and 96% specificity as well as in detecting SAD with 79% accuracy, 62% precision, 91% specificity. RF outperformed all other methods in identifying ADHD with 91% accuracy, 94% precision, and 99% specificity.
UNASSIGNED: Using Streamlit and Python a web application was developed based on the findings of the analysis. The application will assist parents/guardians and school officials in detecting mental illnesses early in their children and adolescents using signs and symptoms to start the treatment at the earliest convenience.

In this review, we evaluated the literature on the benefits and deleterious effects of digoxin in heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF). Although digoxin was considered an effective treatment for HF, the supporting evidence is conflicting. Before the conventional use of modern HF therapies, digoxin was widely used for symptomatic relief on these patients. Further randomized trials are required to reach a definite conclusion about its efficacy and safety in patients experiencing HF with a reduced EF (HFrEF).

In this report, the preparation of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is performed from polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose (PVA-MC), and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) using solution casting methodology for its use in electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). The characterizations of the prepared electrolyte are conducted using a variety of techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The interaction between the polymers and NH4Cl salt are assured via FTIR. EIS confirms the possibility of obtaining a reasonably high conductance of the electrolyte of 1.99 × 10-3 S/cm at room temperature. The dielectric response technique is applied to determine the extent of the ion dissociation of the NH4Cl in the PVA-MC-NH4Cl systems. The appearance of a peak in the imaginary part of the modulus study recognizes the contribution of chain dynamics and ion mobility. Transference number measurement (TNM) is specified and is found to be (tion) = 0.933 for the uppermost conducting sample. This verifies that ions are the predominant charge carriers. From the LSV study, 1.4 V are recorded for the relatively high-conducting sample. The CV curve response is far from the rectangular shape. The maximum specific capacitance of 20.6 F/g is recorded at 10 mV/s.

We aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of crude venom (CV), γ irradiated Certastes cerastes venom (IRRV), and propolis ethanolic extract (PEE). IRRV showed a higher toxicity than CV, while CV-PEE showed higher toxicity than IRRV and CV against lung [A549] and prostate [PC3] cancer cells. Toxicity to [A549] and [PC3] cells was concentration and cell type dependent. In comparison to controls, apoptotic genes showed a significant upregulation of P53 and Casp-3 and a downregulation of Bcl-2. Also, induced elevated DNA accumulation in the [S] phase post PC3 cell treatment with IRRV and CV, as well as a significant DNA accumulation at G2/M phase after IRRV treatment of A549 cells. In contrast, PC3 cells showed a negligible cellular DNA accumulation after PEE treatment. Glutathione reductase [GR] was reduced in case of PC3 and A549 cell treated with IRRV, CV, and PEE compared with its values in untreated cell control. The Malondialdehyde [MDA] values in both cells recorded a significant elevation post IRRV treatment compared to the rest of the treatment regimen and untreated cell control. Similarly, IRRV and CV-PEE mix showed obviously higher reactive oxygen species [ROS] values than PC3 and A549 cell treatments with CV and PEE.

A NASICON-based Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF) cathode material is reported herein as a potential symmetric cell electrode material. The symmetric cell was active from 0 to 3.5 V and showed a capacity of 85 mAh/g at 0.1 C. With cycling, the NVPF symmetric cell showed a very long and stable cycle life, having a capacity retention of 61% after 1000 cycles at 1 C. The diffusion coefficient calculated from cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) was found to be ~10-9-10-11, suggesting a smooth diffusion of Na+ in the NVPF symmetric cell. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) carried out during cycling showed increases in bulk resistance, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) resistance, and charge transfer resistance with the number of cycles, explaining the origin of capacity fade in the NVPF symmetric cell. Finally, the postmortem analysis of the symmetric cell after 1000 cycles at a 1 C rate indicated that the intercalation/de-intercalation of sodium into/from the host structure occurred without any major structural destabilization in both the cathode and anode. However, there was slight distortion in the cathode structure observed, which resulted in capacity loss of the symmetric cell. The promising electrochemical performance of NVPF in the symmetric cell makes it attractive for developing long-life and cost-effective batteries.