背景:性暴力(SV)和亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)经历是不良健康的主要社会决定因素。关于退伍军人这些经历的患病率数据有限,特别是在社会人口群体中。
目的:评估前SV的患病率,during,在服兵役、终身和过去一年的男女IPV之后,并探索不同社会人口群体的差异。
方法:数据来自2020年进行的两次国家横断面调查。计算了SV和IPV经历的加权患病率估计值,和加权逻辑回归模型用于跨性别的比较,种族,种族,性取向,和年龄。
方法:研究1包括所有服役年代的退伍军人(N=1187;50.0%的女性;29%的反应率)。研究2包括最近分离的9/11后退伍军人(N=1494;55.2%的女性;19.4%的反应率)。
方法:使用部署风险和弹性量表-2(DRRI-2)评估SV。使用扩展的伤害-侮辱-威胁-尖叫工具评估IPV。
结果:女性比男性更有可能经历军前SV(研究1:39.9%vs.8.7%,OR=6.96,CIs:4.71-10.28;研究2:36.2%vs.8.6%,OR=6.04,CIs:4.18-8.71),服兵役期间的性骚扰和/或袭击(研究1:55.0%vs.16.8%,OR=6.30,CIs:4.57-8.58;研究2:52.9%vs.26.9%,OR=3.08,CIs:2.38-3.98),和军后SV(研究1:12.4%vs.0.9%,OR=15.49,CIs:6.42-36.97;研究2:7.5%vs.1.5%,OR=5.20,CIs:2.26-11.99)。女性比男性更有可能经历终生IPV(研究1:45.7%vs.37.1%,OR=1.38,CIs:1.04-1.82;研究2:45.4%和34.8%,OR=1.60,CIs:1.25-2.04),但不是过去一年的IPV(研究1:27.9%与28.3%,OR=0.95,CIs:0.70-1.28;研究2:33.1%vs.28.5%,OR=1.24,CIs:0.95-1.61)。当控制性别时,其他社会人口统计学群体几乎没有差异,除了性取向。
结论:了解退伍军人的SV和IPV经验可以为识别和干预工作提供信息,特别是女性和性少数群体。
BACKGROUND: Sexual violence (SV) and intimate partner violence (IPV) experiences are major social determinants of adverse health. There is limited prevalence data on these experiences for veterans, particularly across sociodemographic groups.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of SV before, during, and after military service and lifetime and past-year IPV for women and men, and explore differences across sociodemographic groups.
METHODS: Data are from two national cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2020. Weighted prevalence estimates of SV and IPV experiences were computed, and weighted logistic regression models were used for comparisons across gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and age.
METHODS: Study 1 included veterans of all service eras (N = 1187; 50.0% women; 29% response rate). Study 2 included recently separated post-9/11 veterans (N = 1494; 55.2% women; 19.4% response rate).
METHODS: SV was assessed with the Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory-2 (DRRI-2). IPV was assessed with the extended Hurt-Insult-Threaten-Scream Tool.
RESULTS: Women were more likely than men to experience pre-military SV (study 1: 39.9% vs. 8.7%, OR = 6.96, CIs: 4.71-10.28; study 2: 36.2% vs. 8.6%, OR = 6.04, CIs: 4.18-8.71), sexual harassment and/or
assault during military service (study 1: 55.0% vs. 16.8%, OR = 6.30, CIs: 4.57-8.58; study 2: 52.9% vs. 26.9%, OR = 3.08, CIs: 2.38-3.98), and post-military SV (study 1: 12.4% vs. 0.9%, OR = 15.49, CIs: 6.42-36.97; study 2: 7.5% vs. 1.5%, OR = 5.20, CIs: 2.26-11.99). Women were more likely than men to experience lifetime IPV (study 1: 45.7% vs. 37.1%, OR = 1.38, CIs: 1.04-1.82; study 2: 45.4% and 34.8%, OR = 1.60, CIs: 1.25-2.04) but not past-year IPV (study 1: 27.9% vs. 28.3%, OR = 0.95, CIs: 0.70-1.28; study 2: 33.1% vs. 28.5%, OR = 1.24, CIs: 0.95-1.61). When controlling for gender, there were few differences across other sociodemographic groups, with the exception of sexual orientation.
CONCLUSIONS: Understanding veterans\' experiences of SV and IPV can inform identification and intervention efforts, especially for women and sexual minorities.