OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of serious games on undergraduate nursing students by the meta-analysis method.
BACKGROUND: There is a need for greater focus on enhancing the knowledge and skills of undergraduate nursing students. Generation Z students desire active engagement in the learning process. When compare with conventional learning approaches, serious games can enhance pupil interest by making the learning process more captivating.
METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: A total of nine databases were systematically searched from inception to April 2024. The Cochrane RoB-2 tool and the Joanna Brigg\'s Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for quasi-experimental designs were used to undertake quality appraisal. A narrative synthesis, a meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to analyze the study outcomes.
RESULTS: In the study, 19 experimental studies included 14 randomized controlled trials and five quasi-experimental studies. When compare with control groups, serious games in RCTs showed significant improvements in knowledge (SMD 1.24, 95 % CI 0.52-1.96; P<0.001) and skills (SMD 0.50, 95 % CI 0.13-0.87; P<0.01). Subgroup analysis for technical skills outcomes demonstrated that serious games in RCTs were more effective than control groups (SMD 0.62, 95 % CI 0.20-1.05; P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Serious games had a beneficial impact on the knowledge and skills of undergraduate nursing students. In the context of serious game intervention, it is imperative to carefully consider the approach.

UNASSIGNED: The objective performance evaluation of an athlete is essential to allow detailed research into elite sports. The automatic identification and classification of football teaching and training exercises overcome the shortcomings of manual analytical approaches. Video monitoring is vital in detecting human conduct acts and preventing or reducing inappropriate actions in time. The video\'s digital material is classified by relevance depending on those individual actions.
UNASSIGNED: The research goal is to systematically use the data from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and data from computer vision analysis for the deep Learning of football teaching motion recognition (DL-FTMR). There has been a search for many libraries. The studies included have examined and analyzed training through profound model construction learning methods. Investigations show the ability to distinguish the efficiency of qualified and less qualified officers for sport-specific video-based decision-making assessments.
UNASSIGNED: Video-based research is an effective way of assessing decision-making due to the potential to present changing in-game decision-making scenarios more environmentally friendly than static picture printing. The data showed that the filtering accuracy of responses is improved without losing response time. This observation indicates that practicing with a video monitoring system offers a play view close to that seen in a game scenario. It can be an essential way to improve the perception of selection precision. This study discusses publicly accessible training datasets for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) and presents a dataset that combines various components. The study also used the UT-Interaction dataset to identify complex events.
UNASSIGNED: Thus, the experimental results of DL-FTMR give a performance ratio of 94.5%, behavior processing ratio of 92.4%, athletes energy level ratio of 92.5%, interaction ratio of 91.8%, prediction ratio of 92.5%, sensitivity ratio of 93.7%, and the precision ratio of 94.86% compared to the optimized convolutional neural network (OCNN), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), you only look once (YOLO), Human Activity Recognition- state-of-the-art methodologies (HAR-SAM).
UNASSIGNED: This finding proves that exercising a video monitoring system that provides a play view similar to that seen in a game scenario can be a valuable technique to increase selection accuracy perception.

In a world of rapid digital technology development, the lack of digital health literacy (DHL) among older people cannot be ignored. DHL is becoming an essential competency that can facilitate the health status and health management of older adults. DHL interventions that are feasible and appropriate can be implemented on a large scale through the health care system for older people.
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of DHL interventions for older adults.
English publications in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to November 20, 2022. Two reviewers independently completed the data extraction and quality assessment. Review Manager (version 5.4; Cochrane Informatics & Technology Services) software was used for all meta-analyses.
A total of 7 studies, including 2 randomized controlled trials and 5 quasi-experimental studies, involving 710 older adults were considered eligible. The main outcome was scores on the eHealth Literacy Scale, and secondary outcomes were knowledge, self-efficacy, and skills. Quasi-experimental studies compared baseline and postintervention outcomes, while randomized controlled trials compared pre- and postintervention outcomes in the intervention group. Of the 7 studies, 3 used face-to-face instruction, while 4 adopted web-based interventions. Among them, 4 of the interventions were conducted using theoretical guidance, while 3 were not. Intervention duration varied from 2 to 8 weeks. In addition, the studies included were all conducted in developed countries, mainly in the United States. Pooled analysis presented that DHL interventions had positive effects on eHealth literacy efficacy (standardized mean difference 1.15, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.84; P=.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that DHL interventions that chose face-to-face teaching (standardized mean difference 1.15, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.84; P=.001), were guided by a conceptual framework (standardized mean difference 1.15, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.84; P=.001), and were sustained over 4 weeks (standardized mean difference 1.1, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.84; P=.001) had a more significant effect. Moreover, the outcomes showed considerable gains in knowledge (standardized mean difference 0.93, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.31; P<.001) and self-efficacy (standardized mean difference 0.96, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.77; P=.02). No statistically significant effect was found for skills (standardized mean difference 0.77, 95% CI -0.30 to 1.85; P=.16). The small number of studies, variable study quality, and heterogeneity are some limitations of this review.
DHL interventions have positive effects on the health status and health management of older adults. Practical and effective DHL interventions are crucial for the use of modern digital information technology in managing the health of older people.
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42023410204; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=410204.

Background: Neonatal mortality rates remain high in Sub-Saharan African countries. Improving the newborn resuscitation skills of healthcare professionals is important in addressing this challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate a neonatal resuscitation training programme delivered over a two-year period for healthcare professionals in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Methods: A pre- and post-intervention study was designed. We delivered neonatal resuscitation training over a 2-day period in 2017 and 2 days of refresher training in 2018. Knowledge was evaluated by a self-designed survey (11 items with a total score of 22) before and after the two training periods, and skills were evaluated by a skills checklist (six domains with 25 items with a total score of 50) completed by the trainers based on their observations. Statistical analysis included differences in the knowledge and skills scores before and after the training sessions and between the two periods. Results: A total of 23 healthcare professionals participated and completed both neonatal resuscitation training sessions. The knowledge mean scores before and after the training in 2017 increased from 9.60 to 13.60 (95% CI: -5.900; -2.099, p < 0.001), and in 2018, the scores increased from 10.80 to 15.44 (95% CI: -6.062; -3.217, p < 0.001). The mean knowledge scores post-training over time were 13.60 in 2017 and 15.44 in 2018 (95% CI: -3.489; 0.190, p = 0.030). The resuscitation skills performance between the two time periods increased from a mean of 32.26 (SD = 2.35) to a mean of 42.43 (SD = 1.73) (95% CI: -11.402; -8.945, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The neonatal resuscitation training programme increased the theoretical knowledge and resuscitation skills before and after the two training sessions and over time after a 9-month period. Continuous neonatal resuscitation training based on the local needs in resource-limited countries is essential to provide confidence in healthcare professionals to initiate resuscitation and to improve newborn outcomes.

Objective To investigate the current status of nutritional knowledge and skills of fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu City,so as to provide evidence for nutritional literacy education among takeout practitioners.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 832 employees of fast-food takeout restaurants in Chengdu from April to September in 2019 through a multi-stage random sampling strategy.Results The awareness rate of nutritional knowledge of fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu was 77.28%,and the correct rates of answers to daily oil intake for adults,daily drinking water for adults and daily salt intake for adults in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents were respectively 17.43%,22.60% and 25.36%.In addition,the proportion of practitioners with the ability to estimate the recommended intake of food for a meal,the ability to estimate condiments intake and the ability to interpret nutrition labels were 8.77%,8.77% and 15.02%,respectively.The awareness rate of nutritional knowledge was the lowest(71.47%)in the practitioners aged≤25 and the highest(84.53%)in those aged 26-39,and the difference was statistically significant(χ 2 =14.419,P=0.001).High awareness rate of nutritional knowledge was found in the practitioners of Han ethnic group(78.45%)compared with those of ethnic minorities(57.14%)(χ 2=10.346,P=0.001).Besides,the practitioners with a high degree of education showed high awareness rate of nutritional knowledge( [Formula: see text]=36.514,P<0.001),and the correct rate of chefs(17.86%)was higher than that(12.82%)of food matching staff(χ 2=4.068,P=0.044).Conclusions The fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu generally have good nutritional knowledge while have some knowledge gaps.At the same time,the nutrition-related skills of takeout practitioners are not good.We should focus on strengthening the training of takeout restaurant employees for the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents and nutrition labeling-related knowledge,carry out targeted nutritional knowledge training,and comprehensively strengthen the training of nutrition-related skills.

The purpose of this observational study was to describe the collaboration between first-year nursing students using peer learning during their first clinical practice education. In earlier, predominantly interview studies, peer learning has been described as a model with several positive outcomes. However, no studies on how students act in collaboration in a real-life context have been found. The present study observed sixteen arbitrarily paired nursing students (eight pairs) on three to five occasions per pair, in total 164 h from September 2015 to March 2016. Repeated unstructured observations including informal conversations were used. Using qualitative content analysis, one theme \'Involuntary collaboration leads to growth in different competencies\' emerged and three categories \'Practising nursing skills and abilities when working together\', \'Establishing knowledge by helping each other to understand\' and \'Sharing thoughts, feelings, and knowledge and put them into words\'. In conclusion, nursing students using peer learning were observed practising several competencies, some of them not so easily elicited according to earlier research as organization, nursing leadership, teaching, and supervision.

BACKGROUND: The qualification of managers in terms of management skills is one of the most important factors in the continuous success of each organization, and utilizing such skills can have a positive contribution in the effectiveness of the organization while improving the performance of the employees in line with the objectives and goals of the organization. The study\'s primary objective was to examine the necessary skills of the hospital managers and their capabilities to manage the challenges in providing health care facilities to their patients and employees.
METHODS: This study is a qualitative that deep interviews were performed with 22 managers (senior and middle managers) of educational hospitals of Kermanshah city, and the sample size was 22 individuals. The interviews were analyzed by a MAXQDA software application after transcription.
RESULTS: This study includes 8 themes and 23 subthemes. The strategic skill, the perceptive skill, the human relations skill, work experience, and personal characteristics were among the skills necessary for hospital managers. Some of the challenges facing the hospital managers included rapid changes in the policies, the limitations of financial resources, and lack of proportion between the educational and occupational spheres.
CONCLUSIONS: Because of their existential philosophy and differences with other service sectors, managing hospitals poses a particular sensitivity. In this regard, the role of the hospital manager is very important. Therefore, in order to meet the satisfaction of those receiving services, decision-makers and policy-makers must think twice when selecting and appointing hospital managers and evaluate and appraise this group in terms of abilities and skills necessary for managing such an important service section.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the construct of external visual imagery (EVI) vs. internal visual imagery (IVI) by comparing the athletes\' imagery ability with their levels of skill and types of sports.
METHODS: Seventy-two young athletes in open (n = 45) or closed (n = 27) sports and with different skill levels completed 2 custom-designed tasks. The EVI task involved the subject generating and visualizing the rotated images of different body parts, whereas the IVI task involved the subject visualizing himself or herself performing specific movements.
RESULTS: The significant Skill-Level × Sport Type interactions for the EVI task revealed that participants who specialized in open sports and had higher skill-levels had a higher accuracy rate as compared to the other subgroups. For the IVI task, the differences between the groups were less clear: those with higher skill-levels or open sports had a higher accuracy rate than those with lower skill-levels or closed sports.
CONCLUSIONS: EVI involves the visualization of others and the environment, and would be relevant to higher skill-level athletes who engage in open sports. IVI, in contrast, tends to be more self-oriented and would be relevant for utilization by higher skill-level athletes regardless of sport type.

BACKGROUND: Microvascular free flaps have become a reliable standard procedure. Due to increasing microsurgical experience in teaching hospitals, residents are getting acquainted with performing free flap surgeries earlier in their training. However, economic considerations and safety regulations contradict adequate teaching. A validation of procedures for residency training is necessary to reduce the existing concerns.
METHODS: This retrospective, comparative cohort study was designed to investigate whether free flaps are a safe residency training procedure. In addition, the aim was to establish standards for microsurgical training. Between 2008 and 2011, 391 patients were included who underwent reconstructive surgery with free flaps, under the supervision of either an experienced microsurgeon (cohort 1) or a resident in training (cohort 2). Patient demographics, interventional characteristics, as well as outcome parameters were attributed for comparative analysis.
RESULTS: The comparison of both cohorts revealed a significant difference for defect cause (p < 0.01) and defect localization (p < 0.001). Free flaps for breast reconstruction were more frequently used in cohort 1, and ALT flaps were more used in cohort 2 (p < 0.001). The length of hospital stay was significantly reduced in cohort 1 (p < 0.001). No significant differences for major postoperative complications were identified.
CONCLUSIONS: With respect to standardized environmental conditions and risk stratification, microvascular free flaps can be applied as a safe training procedure during residency. Adequate teaching conditions require a sufficient case load and a high level of expertise of the teacher. The resident\'s experience and skills as well as the institutional infrastructure and expertise require consideration.
METHODS: III.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a growing global public health problem which requires all healthcare professionals to deliver weight management care within their roles.
OBJECTIVE: To describe nurses\' perceived barriers, skills and practices regarding weight-related care and explore differences between English and Chinese nurses.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey was distributed to 588 English nurses employed in a range of clinical settings and healthcare organizations and attending a large university in London (October-November 2010), and 519 Chinese nurses working in one of the largest hospitals in Shanghai, China (February-April 2011). Perceived barriers, skills and practices regarding weight-related care were measured. Data analysis was undertaken using responses from 399 English and 466 Chinese nurses.
RESULTS: English and Chinese nurses reported similar barriers to undertaking weight-related care practices which included two relatively new barriers, namely complex patients and the absence of clear practice guidelines. Both English and Chinese nurses reported being moderately skilled to perform weight-related care practices with the most mean skill scores at the moderate level. Up to 11-54% of the English nurses and 10-25% of the Chinese nurses reported providing recommended weight-related interventions for most of their patients. Generally, the English nurses reported more barriers, high-level skills and practices regarding weight-related care than the Chinese nurses.
CONCLUSIONS: The convenience samples and self-report data may have been sources of bias.
CONCLUSIONS: A variety of barriers and limited skills may help explain the suboptimal weight-related practices among the nurses.
CONCLUSIONS: Skill development of pre-registration and qualified nurses is indicated as well as the development of the nurse role to include weight management care of obese patients. Evidence-based guidelines should be readily accessible to support the nurse role in weight-related care.