背景:坏疽性脓皮病(PG)是一种罕见的非感染性中性粒细胞性皮肤病。PG的诊断主要基于临床表现。因此,PG的临床特征对于确认该疾病的诊断很重要。在这里,报告2例年轻男性PG合并血液系统恶性肿瘤的临床资料,并对文献进行了综述。
方法:第一例是一名22岁男性,因全身皮疹入院,头痛,和发烧。体格检查显示四肢皮肤上有黑色结痂,树干,头皮,和脸。皮肤病变活检显示表皮水肿,海绵状形成,中性粒细胞浸润,真皮中的急性和慢性炎症细胞浸润,有表皮糜烂的化脓性炎症.骨髓活检显示有核细胞明显活跃增殖,粒细胞在不同阶段,形态异常的中性粒细胞,偶尔观察到年轻的红细胞。诊断为PG和慢性粒单核细胞白血病(CMML-0)。第二例是一名28岁的男性,他出现了肿胀,受伤后右小腿疼痛,然后在皮肤和软组织上出现溃疡。骨髓活检显示有核细胞增殖明显活跃,提示有髓样肿瘤.他还被诊断出患有PG和血液恶性肿瘤。他们都接受了激素和抗感染治疗。治疗后,他们的体温,感染,皮肤损伤得到改善。然而,两组患者均再次入院,预后不良.
结论:PG可能与血液系统恶性肿瘤有关。对于有典型皮损和明显异常血常规的患者,有必要探讨PG与血液系统恶性肿瘤的可能性。
BACKGROUND: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare noninfectious neutrophilic skin disease. The diagnosis of PG is mainly based on clinical manifestations. Therefore, the clinical features of PG are important for confirming the diagnosis of this disease. Herein, the clinical data of 2 young males with PG complicated with hematological malignancies were reported, and the literature were reviewed.
METHODS: The first case was a 22-year-old male who was admitted due to a systemic rash, headache, and fever. Physical examination showed black scabs on the skins of the extremities, trunk, scalp, and face. Biopsy of the skin lesion showed epidermal edema, spongy formation, neutrophil infiltration, acute and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration in the dermis, showing purulent inflammation with epidermal erosion. The bone marrow biopsy showed obviously active proliferation of nucleated cells, granulocytes at various stages, abnormal morphological neutrophils, and occasionally observed young red blood cells. The diagnosis of PG and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML-0) was made. The second case was a 28-year-old male who presented a swollen, painful right calf following injury and then developed ulcers on skin and soft tissues. Bone marrow biopsy showed obviously active nucleated cell proliferation, suggesting a myeloid tumor. He was also diagnosed with PG and hematological malignancies. They both received hormone and antiinfection therapy. After treatment, their body temperature, infection, and skin lesions were improved. However, both of them were readmitted and had a poor prognosis.
CONCLUSIONS: PG may be associated with hematological malignancies. For patients with typical skin lesions and obvious abnormal blood routines, it is necessary to investigate the possibility of PG with hematological malignancies.