将稻壳灰（PHA）和土豆皮等农副产品与有机肥料相结合的意义在于提高土壤肥力，增加作物产量，减少对传统有机肥料的依赖，如农家肥(FYM)或堆肥。以可持续农业和养分管理框架为基础，这项研究考察了农业废物产生的不同配方对生产力的影响，营养效率，以及木豆-蔬菜芥末-秋葵种植系统的盈利能力。在ICAR-IARI进行的为期两年的现场实验（2020-2022年），新德里测试了七种营养源。,（T1）控制，(T2)100%RDN通过FYM，(T3)100%RDN通过改进的RRC，(T4)100%RDN通过基于PHA的配方，(T5)75%RDN通过基于PHA的配方，(T6)通过基于PPC的制剂的100%RDN和(T7)通过基于PPC的制剂的75%RDN,其在RBD中测试并重复三次。T4处理对木豆种子产量有显著影响(1.89±0.09和1.97±0.12tha-1),蔬菜芥菜的叶片产量（81.57±4.59和82.97±4.17tha-1），轮作秋葵的果实产量（13.54±0.82和13.78±0.81tha-1），随后治疗T6和T2在这两年分别超过控制。增强了系统对N的吸收，P和K以及T4的系统总回报率和净回报率增长了78.9%，83.8%,72.4%,第一年分别为54.4%和56.8%和77.5%，80.8%,77.7%,第二年为54.8%和57.4%,分别,过度控制。处理T4显著提高了木豆的表观恢复66.3%和69.2%,蔬菜芥末中的64.7%和47.9%，在T3期间，秋葵的平均发病率为72.7%和79.4%。基于上述发现,(T4)100%RDN通过基于PHA的配方，和（T6）对于缺乏FYM但稻壳灰/土豆皮可用于可持续农业废物和改善可持续性的地区，建议通过基于PPC的配方100％RDN。
The significance of integrating agricultural by-products such as paddy husk ash (PHA) and potato peels with organic fertilizers lies in enhancing soil fertility, increasing crop yields, and reducing reliance on traditional organic fertilizers like farmyard manure (FYM) or compost alone. Grounded in sustainable agriculture and nutrient management frameworks, this study examines the impact of diverse formulations derived from agricultural waste on productivity, nutrient efficiency, and profitability in a pigeon pea-vegetable mustard-okra cropping system. A two-year field experiment (2020-2022) at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi tested seven nutrient sources viz., (T1) control, (T2) 100% RDN through FYM, (T3) 100% RDN through improved RRC, (T4) 100% RDN through PHA based formulation, (T5) 75% RDN through PHA based formulation, (T6) 100% RDN through PPC based formulation and (T7) 75% RDN through PPC based formulation that were tested in RBD and replicated thrice. Treatment T4 had significant effect on seed yield of pigeon pea (1.89 ± 0.09 and 1.97 ± 0.12 t ha-1), leaf yield of vegetable mustard (81.57 ± 4.59 and 82.97 ± 4.17 t ha-1), and fruit yield of okra (13.54 ± 0.82 and 13.78 ± 0.81 t ha-1) grown in rotation, followed by treatment T6 and T2 during both the years respectively over control. Enhanced system uptake of N, P and K along with system gross and net returns in T4, showed increases of 78.9%, 83.8%, 72.4%, 54.4% and 56.8% in the first year and 77.5%, 80.8%, 77.7%, 54.8% and 57.4% in the second year, respectively, over control. Treatment T4 significantly improved apparent recovery by 66.3% and 69.2% in pigeon pea, 64.7% and 47.9% in vegetable mustard, and 72.7% and 79.4% in okra over T3, averaged across two years. Based on the above findings, (T4) 100% RDN through PHA-based formulation, and (T6) 100% RDN through PPC-based formulation can be recommended for areas with a shortage of FYM but availability of rice husk ash/potato peels for sustainable agricultural wastes and improved sustainability.
