很少有研究调查儿童期生长轨迹与母亲产前代谢风险的关系及其与儿童遗传易感性的相互作用。
探讨妊娠代谢综合征(GMS)风险和儿童多基因风险评分(PRS)的影响,以及它们对后代从出生到6岁的BMI轨迹和肥胖风险的交互影响。
从马鞍山出生队列(中国安徽省)研究中招募了2,603对母子。孕妇孕前肥胖的数据,妊娠期体重增加(GWG),妊娠期糖尿病(GDM),和妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)用于评估孕妇GMS风险。此外,使用1,482份脐带血样本对11个候选单核苷酸多态性(SNP)进行基因型分析,以计算儿童的PRS。使用纵向BMI年龄z得分(BMIz)的潜在类别增长模型可有效捕获BMIz的增长轨迹。
母亲GMS状态与较高的BMIz评分和超重/肥胖风险增加相关。PRS与女孩超重/肥胖风险之间呈正相关。此外,孕产妇GMS在BMIz评分和女孩超重/肥胖风险方面与儿童PRS显著相关。不同暴露组的分层BMI轨迹图显示出一致的发现,男孩和女孩的BMIz轨迹分为三组。在女孩中,他们的GMS风险或PRS越高,在高BMIz轨迹组中的概率越高。
母亲GMS状态增加了男孩和女孩的BMIz评分和肥胖风险,并提高了女孩从出生到6岁的儿童BMI轨迹。PRS与儿童的BMI轨迹和肥胖风险显着相关,并且仅在女孩中改变了母亲GMS状态与肥胖生物标志物之间的关联。因此,关于儿童肥胖,应在怀孕前和怀孕期间采取措施降低母体代谢风险,应注意性别差异,以识别出生后的高危人群,并对其进行分级管理。
Few studies have investigated the associations of childhood growth trajectories with the prenatal metabolic risks of mothers and their interaction with children\'s genetic susceptibility.
To investigate the effects of gestational metabolic syndrome (GMS) risks and children\'s polygenic risk scores (PRSs), and their interaction effect on the BMI trajectory and obesity risk of offspring from birth to 6 years of age.
A total of 2,603 mother-child pairs were recruited from the Ma\'anshan birth cohort (Anhui Province of
China) study. Data on maternal prepregnancy obesity, gestational weight gain (GWG), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) were used to evaluate maternal GMS risk. In addition, 1,482 cord blood samples were used to genotype 11 candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to calculate children\'s PRSs. The latent class growth model using the longitudinal BMI-for-age z scores (BMIz) was applied to validly capture the BMIz growth trajectory.
Maternal GMS status was associated with higher BMIz scores and with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. Positive relationships were revealed between PRS and the risk of overweight/obesity among girls. Additionally, maternal GMS significantly interacted with the child\'s PRS on BMIz scores and the risk of overweight/obesity among girls. Hierarchical BMI trajectory graphs by different exposure groups showed consistent findings, and both boys\' and girls\' BMIz trajectories were divided into three groups. Among girls, the higher the GMS risk or PRS they had, the higher the probability of being in the high BMIz trajectory group.
Maternal GMS status increased BMIz scores and the risk of obesity in both boys and girls and elevated the child\'s BMI trajectory from birth to 6 years of age among girls. PRSs were significantly associated with children\'s BMI trajectory and the risk of obesity and modified the associations between maternal GMS status and obesity biomarkers only among girls. Thus, regarding childhood obesity, steps should be taken to decrease maternal metabolic risks before and during pregnancy, and sex discrepancies should be noted to identify high-risk populations after birth to hierarchically manage them.