■中心静脉导管插入术(CVC)广泛用于新生儿重症监护病房(NICU),以实现有效的血管通路;但是,它的建立和维护与许多风险和并发症有关。这里,我们重点研究了定点护理超声(POCUS)在CVC相关心包积液早期诊断和治疗中的价值,并比较了超声和X线摄影在NICUCVC定位和监测中的差异.
回顾性选择2013年1月至2023年3月在北京大学第三医院NICU住院的25例CVC相关性心包积液(PCE)婴儿进行研究。有关其导管插入特征的数据,CVC尖端位置,PCE的临床和影像学表现,治疗,并对预后进行了分析。
■我们队列的平均胎龄为29.3±3.1周,平均出生体重为1,211±237g。CVC相关PCE的发生率为0.65%,80%的PCE病例发生在CVC后4天内。在PCE之后,最常见的症状是呼吸急促(44%)和心动过速(64%).胸片显示心胸增大,只有2例(9.10%)显示“烧瓶心脏”。心脏超声显示,72%的PCE婴儿的导管尖端深入心脏。12例(48%)出现心功能不全。总的来说,8例婴儿(32%)心包填塞,其中7人(87.5%)接受了心包穿刺术。总的来说,2名(8%)婴儿死亡,其余23例(92%)治愈。
■CVC相关的PCE主要发生在婴儿导管插入后的早期阶段(4天内)。一些病例可能有关键的临床表现和进展迅速,有些甚至出现心包填塞。CVC尖端深入心腔是PCE的重要原因。与胸部X线摄影相比,护理点超声对CVC尖端定位更准确,可以更快地检测PCE。此外,这对于定位和监测CVC关联的PCE更加有利。早期识别和诊断可有效降低CVC相关性PCE患儿病死率,改善预后。
UNASSIGNED: Central venous catheterization (CVC) is broadly used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for efficient vascular access; however, its establishment and maintenance are associated with numerous risks and complications. Here, we focus on investigating the value of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in the early diagnosis and treatment of pericardial effusion associated with CVC and compare the differences in ultrasound and radiography in CVC localization and monitoring in the NICU.
UNASSIGNED: Twenty-five infants with CVC-associated pericardial effusion (PCE) who were hospitalized in the NICU of Peking University Third Hospital between January 2013 and March 2023 were retrospectively selected for the study. Data concerning their catheterization characteristics, CVC tip position, clinical and imaging manifestations of PCE, treatments, and prognoses were analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: The mean gestational age of our cohort was 29.3 ± 3.1 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1,211 ± 237 g. The incidence of CVC-associated PCE was 0.65%, and 80% of PCE cases occurred within 4 days of CVC. After PCE, the most common symptoms were tachypnea (44%) and tachycardia (64%). Chest radiographs revealed cardiothoracic enlargement, and only 2 cases (9.10%) showed a \"flask heart\". Cardiac ultrasound showed that the catheter tip extended deep into the heart in 72% of infants with PCE. Cardiac insufficiency was observed in 12 cases (48%). Overall, 8 infants (32%) had pericardial tamponade, 7 (87.5%) of whom underwent pericardiocentesis. Overall, 2 (8%) infants died, and the remaining 23 (92%) were cured.
UNASSIGNED: CVC-associated PCE mostly occurs in the early post-catheterization stages (within 4 days) in infants. Some cases may have critical clinical manifestations and progress rapidly, with some even developing pericardial tamponade. A CVC tip being deep into the heart cavity is an important cause of PCE. Compared with chest radiography, point-of-care ultrasound is more accurate for CVC tip positioning and can detect PCE more quickly. Furthermore, it is more advantageous for locating and monitoring CVC-associated PCE. Early identification and diagnosis can effectively reduce fatality rates and improve the prognosis of infants with CVC-associated PCE.