OBJECTIVE: To describe the current application status of NANDA-I nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) in cardiac rehabilitation nursing and identify useful NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC (NNN) linkages for clinical nursing practitioners.
METHODS: This scoping review was performed in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institut guidelines. We systematically searched eight databases, and the literature search took place between June and July 2023. The characteristics and results of the studies were synthesized and analyzed in a narrative way.
RESULTS: The application of NANDA-I nursing diagnosis, NIC and NOC in cardiac rehabilitation nursing can be divided into three topics: the content, value and effect of NANDA-I nursing diagnosis, NIC and NOC.
CONCLUSIONS: The application of NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC in the field of cardiac rehabilitation nursing shows positive effects on the whole, which can provide more standardized theoretical guidance, improve nursing outcomes in clinical settings, and enhance nursing quality.
CONCLUSIONS: This experience report will guide nurses to use NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC for better cardiac rehabilitation care.
目的 描述NANDA‐I 护理诊断, 护理措施分类(NIC)和护理结局分类 (NOC)在心脏康复护理中的应用现状,并为临床护理人员提供有效的NNN 链接。 方法 该范围综述是根据JBI 指南进行的。我们系统检索了8 个数据库, 检索时间为2023 年6 月至7 月。以叙事的方式对研究的特点和结果进行了综合和分析。 发现 NANDA‐I护理诊断, NIC和NOC在心脏康复护理中的应用可以分为三个主题:NANDA‐I护理诊断, NIC和NOC应用的内容、价值和效果。 结论 NANDA‐I 护理诊断， NIC和NOC 应用在心脏康复护理中总体显示出积极效果, 可以提供更加规范的理论指导、在临床环境中改善护理结局、提升护理质量。 护理实践的影响 本综述报告将指导护士使用NANDA‐I, NIC 和NOC 更好的进行心脏康复护理。.

UNASSIGNED: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global public health issue, and the roles of nurses are very much needed in providing nursing services in the current situation. The enforcement of appropriate nursing diagnoses for patients with COVID-19 is also fundamental in determining proper nursing care to help the patients achieve maximum health.
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to describe and analyze nursing diagnoses in patients with COVID-19 treated in the isolation rooms and ICUs.
UNASSIGNED: This study used a secondary data analysis from hospital medical record data of patients with COVID-19 from early December 2020 to the end of February 2021. Data were selected using a cluster random sampling technique and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
UNASSIGNED: The results showed that the signs and symptoms of the patients with COVID-19 that often appeared were fever, cough, shortness of breath, and decreased consciousness. The common nursing diagnoses in the hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were hyperthermia, ineffective airway clearance, gas exchange disorder, self-care deficit, spontaneous ventilation disorder, spontaneous circulation disorder, knowledge deficit, and shock risk.
UNASSIGNED: This study offers an insight into nursing practices in the hospital setting, which can be used as a basis for nurses to perform complete nursing assessments and nursing diagnoses during the pandemic.

This study aimed to examine the differences in health status between patients with confirmed COVID-19 and those suspected (other diagnosis) and to identify nursing diagnoses using a structured checklist from a hospital in China.
Cross-sectional study design was used.
One hundred sixty COVID-19 confirmed, and suspected patients were conveniently selected. A structured survey and checklist were utilized. Independent t test and chi-square test were employed to compare the mean between patients with confirmed coronavirus infection and others. A two-sided p-value of .05 or less is considered statistically significant.
The study yielded a response rate of 93.6%. The result indicated that patients with confirmed coronavirus infection have a higher proportion of perceived General Health Status than inpatients with suspected (other) diagnoses. The finding also indicated that ineffective airway clearance, hyperthermia, imbalanced nutrition less than body requirement and sleep pattern disturbance were the main nursing diagnoses identified.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the role of Roy adaptation model (RAM)-based nursing diagnosis and implementation in regulating the sense of shame and improving the nursing outcomes of female patients with breast cancer.
METHODS: The clinical data of 69 female patients with breast cancer treated in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who received conventional care were included in a control group, and those who received RAM-based nursing were included in an observation group. Patients in both groups were evaluated for sense of shame, emotional state, psychological resilience, self-esteem, quality of recovery scores and complication rates.
RESULTS: The scores of Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale (PDD), Substance Use Stigma Mechanisms Scale (SUSMS) and Stigma Coping Scale (SCS) in the observation group were lower than those of the control group at the end of nursing (P < 0.05). The score of Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at the end of nursing (P < 0.05). The levels of mental toughness, mental strength, and optimism scores in the observation group were higher than those of the control group at the end of nursing (P < 0.05). The score of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES) in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the end of nursing (P < 0.05). Psychosocial recovery, physical recovery, relationship with medical workers, marital relationship, and sexual function scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at the end of nursing (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications was 5.71% in the observation group, lower than 23.53% in the control group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: RAM-based nursing diagnosis and implementation can significantly reduce patients\' sense of shame and negative emotions, improve patients\' psychological resilience, quality of recovery, and quality of life, and reduce complications for female patients with breast cancer.

Due to the rapid development of medical engineering, massive amounts of data are recorded and preserved by various medical instruments. Therefore, finding relationships among data and summarizing clinical manifestations are of great significance to the diagnosis, treatment, and medical research of various diseases. The key to studying the nursing diagnosis support system, particularly in the urological operating room, is to select an effective classification algorithm, which is suitable for the characteristics of urological diseases. Initially, we have analyzed characteristics of urological diseases through medical data mining. Secondly, based on the traditional data mining classification method and urological disease diagnosis research, we have introduced the urological disease experimental source dataset and analyzed characteristics of the disease. Furthermore, classification algorithm and steps were introduced such as decision tree (including ID3, C4.5), Bayesian classification, BP neural network, and association rule classification algorithms. These algorithms are used to make relevant comparative experiments on the urological disease dataset. Finally, based on the diagnosis of urological diseases, a new association classification algorithm (ACCF), which is based on frequent closed item sets, is proposed along with suitable explanation. In order to verify the operational capabilities, the proposed algorithms are implemented in C++ and compared with the classification effect of traditional association classification algorithms and data mining methods. Both theoretical analysis and experiment results show that the proposed algorithm has resolved various deficiencies of the existing data mining algorithms and equally improved the accuracy of urological disease classification and prediction.

OBJECTIVE: The modified early warning score (MEWS), as a rapid assessment and early warning scoring tool, has been widely used in patients in China, which can help nurses to identify potentially critical patients early, but not in all clinical fields. Through the retrieval of the relevant literature of the clinical application of the MEWS in Wanfang Medical Database from 2011 to 2018, the SWOT analysis was used in this paper [strength (S), weakness (W), opportunities (O) and threats (T)] methods, to systematically analyze the advantages, problems existence, implementation opportunities and challenges in the clinical application of the MEWS in our country. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best cut-off value of MEWS in different diseases and to formulate standard early-warning intervention measures for MEWS, which may provide reference for clinical workers to carry out relevant research.

Delirium is a common complication among patients in ICU settings. Although it has been repeatedly confirmed that Confusion Assessment Model for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU), one of the most commonly used ICU delirium assessment tool, is highly accurate in validation studies, it\'s sensitivity and specificity is relatively low during routine practice among bedside nurses. The aim of this study is to develop a mobile application (app) to detect delirium and to test its reliability and validity both by research nurses and among ICU bedside nurses. The app was programmed with Java and installed on a mobile device with Android system. After completion of reliability and validity testing, the app will be integrated into the existing Hospital Information System in order to automatically retrieve essential information for risk factor identification and formulation of care plan accordingly to prevent or manage ICU delirium.

BACKGROUND: There is little research on nursing students\' application of family health assessment in clinical practice.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of an elective course, Family in Health and Illness (FHI), on year 4 nursing students\' family health assessment and practice.
METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was used. One hundred and twenty students completed pre- and post-course questionnaires, after taking FHI (n=49) or a course in Women\'s Health (WH; n=71) in a baccalaureate nursing program in Hong Kong. Students rated their interest in family assessment and appraised their own confidence and competence in practicing family nursing before the courses commenced, immediately after, and three months post course completion. In addition, their perceived ease of applying family assessment in practice was measured.
RESULTS: Students who had taken FHI reported significantly higher interest than those who had not immediately after the course and three months later. The perceived ease of functional assessment immediate after the course was the only predictor of confidence and competence in practicing family nursing (B=0.76, 95% CI=1.37-8.23, p=0.011) at the 3-month follow-up after controlling for age and baseline measures. Level of interest (B=0.44, 95% CI=4.55-0.13, p=0.040) was an additional predictor of nurse-patient relationship at the 3-month follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Educational input to nursing students may foster their interest and confidence in working with families in clinical settings. Further studies are needed to examine the factors impeding actual application of family nursing assessment.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated in-hospital outcomes of diabetic and nondiabetic patients aged over 70 years after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
METHODS: All patients aged over 70 years at our center, who underwent CABG between January 2003 and December 2008, were entered into this study. Diabetes in this study was defined as the need for oral medication or insulin.
METHODS: The relevant preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics of selected patients were investigated, compiled, and retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-one diabetic patients aged over 70 years, accounting for 30.8% of the total population, were entered into this study. Diabetic patients aged over 70 years were more likely to present with left main trunk disease (P=.0194), and less likely to have undergone previous percutaneous coronary intervention (P=.0121), compared with their nondiabetic counterparts. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetic patients aged over 70 years had a higher rate only of deep sternal wound infection (odds ratio, 2.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 6.84; P=.0028), while sharing similar rates for other morbidities and mortality compared with nondiabetic patients aged over 70 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Elderly diabetic patients are not at significantly increased risk from CABG, compared with their nondiabetic peers.

CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that cochlear implantation is relatively safe surgery with few major complications and within acceptable limits. However, close follow-up observation and effective medical and nursing intervention could alleviate further complications and thus become key elements for promoting recovery of patients undergoing such surgery.
OBJECTIVE: Cochlear implantation has become an effective method for curing patients disabled by profound hearing loss in China. However, full exploration of the associated complications remains to be completed. The objective of this study was thus to analyse the postoperative complications in patients with cochlear implants (CIs) in order to design improved measures for clinical and nursing interventions.
METHODS: A retrospective study of 262 patients receiving CIs at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese People\'s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China from March 1997 to December 2006 was conducted.
RESULTS: Among 262 patients, 4 cases (1.5%) had 1 or more major complications requiring substantial medical or nursing interventions, including 1 case of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhoea accompanied by meningitis, 2 cases of facial nerve paresis and 1 case of perforation of tympanic membrane. Forty cases (15.3%) had some form of minor complication that settled spontaneously or easily with conventional treatments and nursing, of which dizziness and vomiting was the most frequent (4.2%), followed by CSF gusher without otorrhoea and/or induced meningitis (2.7%), tinnitus (1.9%) and facial nerve partially exposed without paralysis (1.5%). Eleven cases (4.2%) had some symptoms associated with installation of the cochlear device. Except for one patient who had no response after implantation because his auditory nerves were underdeveloped, all the patients who received appropriate treatment and nursing intervention had a favourable prognosis.