■我们调查了产妇每日抽乳频率和每次表达的乳量及其得出的泌乳指标的变化,以及人乳(HM)喂养状况,重点是在2019年冠状病毒(COVID-19)大流行期间使用微信小程序后进入新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)的早产儿的数量和比率。
■这项研究是对482名母亲和他们的544名婴儿进行的。我们前瞻性地招募了2020年出生体重<1,500g或胎龄<32周的母亲和婴儿,并回顾性地纳入了2019年的同一人群。所有研究对象都分为三个亚组:大流行前(PP,2019),早期大流行(EP,2020年1月至4月),和晚期大流行(LP,2020年5月至12月)。从2020年1月1日起,母亲使用微信小程序记录在在线抽水日记中。我们从在线数据库中获得了婴儿喂养信息进行分析。
■产妇泌乳指标无明显变化。然而,56.7%(139/245)的母亲在PP中达到乳量≥500ml/天(CTV),EP中58.9%(33/156),和轻微上升至60.7%(91/150)。产妇抽水频率约为8次/天。在LP,从第4天开始,每日牛奶量高于其他两个时期,母亲在第12天达到了CTV,而其他两组在第13-14天达到了CTV。两组之间的进食量和速率有几个统计学差异,特别是关于HM和供体牛奶喂养,绝大多数在EP期间减少,在LP期间,它们恢复到PP水平。令人欣喜的是,在LP中,1-28天时HM的平均日剂量中位数最高(LP,87.8vs.PP,75.5或EP,52.6毫升/千克/天,P校正<0.001)。此外,大多数分类喂养指标在EP中下降,在LP中恢复。
■基于微信计划的教育模式可以帮助早产儿母亲进行泌乳教育和管理,以维持健康的泌乳。模型,结合优化的管理策略,可以确保在公共卫生紧急情况下NICU住院期间,脆弱的高危婴儿的HM喂养率不会受到影响,就像COVID-19大流行一样。
UNASSIGNED: We investigated changes in maternal daily milk pumping frequency and milk volume per expression and their derived lactation indicators, as well as human milk (HM) feeding status with a focus on amount and rates in preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after using a WeChat mini-program during the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
UNASSIGNED: The study was conducted with 482 mothers and their 544 babies. We prospectively enrolled mothers and infants with birth weight <1,500 g or gestational age <32 weeks born in 2020, and retrospectively included the same population in 2019. All study subjects were classified into three subgroups: pre-pandemic (PP, 2019), early pandemic (EP, January to April 2020), and late pandemic (LP, May to December 2020). From 1 January 2020, mothers recorded in an online pumping diary using the WeChat mini-program. We obtained the infants\' feeding information from an online database for analysis.
UNASSIGNED: Maternal lactation indicators did not change significantly. However, 56.7% (139/245) of mothers achieved milk volume ≥500 ml/day (CTV) in PP, 58.9% (33/156) in EP, and a slight increase to 60.7% (91/150) in LP. Maternal pumping frequency remained about eight times/day. In LP, daily milk volume was higher than the other two periods from day 4, and mothers achieved CTV by day 12, which was achieved in the other two groups by 13-14 days. There were several statistical differences in the amount and rates of feeding between the groups, particularly about HM and donor milk feeding, with the vast majority being decreased during EP, while during LP they returned to PP levels. Pleasingly, the median average daily dose of HM at 1-28 days was highest in LP (LP, 87.8 vs. PP, 75.5 or EP, 52.6 ml/kg/day, P corrected < 0.001). In addition, most categorical feeding indicators decreased in EP and recovered in LP.
UNASSIGNED: An education model based on the WeChat program could aid lactation education and management in mothers of preterm infants to maintain healthy lactation. The model, together with optimized management strategies, can ensure that the HM feeding rate is not compromised in vulnerable high-risk infants during NICU hospitalization in a public health emergency, like the COVID-19 pandemic.