不同类型和数量的常量营养素对人类健康的作用一直存在争议,个体对膳食常量营养素摄入的反应需要更多的调查。
我们的目的是使用“n-of-1”研究设计来研究在明显健康的成年人中,当食用具有不同常量营养素分布的饮食时,餐后血糖反应的个体差异。
30名明显健康的年轻中国成年人(女性,68%)年龄在22至34岁之间,BMI在17.2和31.9kg/m2之间,提供高脂肪,低碳水化合物(HF-LC,60-70%的脂肪,15-25%碳水化合物,15%蛋白质,总能量)和低脂肪,高碳水化合物(LF-HC,10-20%脂肪,65-75%的碳水化合物,15%蛋白质)饮食,对于6d佩戴式连续血糖监测系统,分别,在随机序列中,穿插在一个6天的冲洗期。进行了三个循环。主要结果是最大餐后葡萄糖(MPG)的差异,平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE),LF-HC和HF-LC饮食干预期之间的AUC24。使用贝叶斯模型来预测具有3个结果中的任何1个达到临床上有意义的差异的后验概率的响应者。
28名参与者被纳入分析。达到MPG的临床意义差异的后验概率(0.167mmol/L),MAGE(0.072mmol/L),LF-HC和HF-LC饮食之间的AUC24(13.889mmol/L·h)在参与者之间有所不同,后验概率>80%的患者被鉴定为高碳水化合物反应者(n=9)或高脂肪反应者(n=6)。对所有参与者中的贝叶斯汇总的n-of-1试验的分析显示,在LF-HC和HF-LC饮食之间达到3种结果的临床意义差异的后验概率相对较低。
N-of-1试验对于描述中国年轻成年人对饮食干预的个人反应是可行的。
The role of different types and quantities of macronutrients on human health has been controversial, and the individual response to dietary macronutrient intake needs more investigation.
We aimed to use an \'n-of-1\' study design to investigate the individual variability in postprandial glycemic response when eating diets with different macronutrient distributions among apparently healthy adults.
Thirty apparently healthy young Chinese adults (women, 68%) aged between 22 and 34 y, with BMI between 17.2 and 31.9 kg/m2, were provided with high-fat, low-carbohydrate (HF-LC, 60-70% fat, 15-25% carbohydrate, 15% protein, of total energy) and low-fat, high-carbohydrate (LF-HC, 10-20% fat, 65-75% carbohydrate, 15% protein) diets, for 6 d wearing continuous glucose monitoring systems, respectively, in a randomized sequence, interspersed by a 6-d wash-out period. Three cycles were conducted. The primary outcomes were the differences of maximum postprandial glucose (MPG), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and AUC24 between intervention periods of LF-HC and HF-LC diets. A Bayesian model was used to predict responders with the posterior probability of any 1 of the 3 outcomes reaching a clinically meaningful difference.
Twenty-eight participants were included in the analysis. Posterior probability of reaching a clinically meaningful difference of MPG (0.167 mmol/L), MAGE (0.072 mmol/L), and AUC24 (13.889 mmol/L·h) between LF-HC and HF-LC diets varied among participants, and those with posterior probability >80% were identified as high-carbohydrate responders (n = 9) or high-fat responders (n = 6). Analyses of the Bayesian-aggregated n-of-1 trials among all participants showed a relatively low posterior probability of reaching a clinically meaningful difference of the 3 outcomes between LF-HC and HF-LC diets.
N-of-1 trials are feasible to characterize personal response to dietary intervention in young Chinese adults.