UNASSIGNED: Due to the aging of the world population and the increase of obesity rate, it is expected that the number of joint replacement surgery will continue to increase in the next few years. This study evaluated the safety differences between unilateral and bilateral hip replacement surgeries.
UNASSIGNED: The data for patients who underwent hip arthroplasty in 2021 and 2022 were examined. The data set included 68 patients who were grouped according to the type of hip replacement needed, sex, age, and body mass index. Total blood loss and operative time were the safety-related indicators used to compare the groups.
UNASSIGNED: Regardless of whether the unilateral replacement group was compared with the overall bilateral replacement group or separately with the staged and simultaneous bilateral replacement groups, simultaneous bilateral replacement surgeries were equally safe as the other types of hip replacements. The total blood loss and operative time for the simultaneous bilateral replacement group were not significantly different from those in the unilateral and staged bilateral replacement groups. For overweight patients, the operative time for simultaneous bilateral replacements was significantly shorter than that for unilateral replacements.
UNASSIGNED: These findings suggest that for patients requiring bilateral hip replacements, the blood loss risk for patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral hip replacements was similar to that for patients undergoing either unilateral or staged bilateral hip replacements. Thus, simultaneous bilateral total hip replacement (THR) are safe and should be considered for candidate patients.

We aimed to assess the effect of water deprivation on root traits and to establish if the wheat cultivars Spica and Maringa would be useful as parental germplasm for a genetic analysis of root traits. Plants were grown in two markedly different soils under well-watered and water-limited treatments in controlled environment growth cabinets. The drought treatment was imposed as a gradual depletion of water over 28 days as seedlings grew from a defined starting moisture content. The root traits analyzed included length, nodal root number, thickness and nodal root angle. The relative differences in traits between genotypes generally proved to be robust in terms of water treatment and soil type. Maringa had a shallower nodal root angle than Spica, which was driven by the nodal roots. By contrast, the seminal roots of Maringa were found to be similar to or even steeper than those of Spica. We conclude that the differences in root traits between Spica and Maringa were robust to the drought treatment and soil types. Phenotyping on well-watered soil is relevant for identifying traits potentially involved in conferring water use efficiency. Furthermore, Spica and Maringa are suitable parental germplasm for developing populations to determine the genetics of key root traits.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors related to the need for revision surgery due to nonunion or internal fixation failure after the treatment of distal femoral fracture with lateral locking plate (LLP).
METHODS: Retrospective analysis was made of the clinical data of 130 cases with distal femoral fracture treated in our hospital from March 2005 to March 2019. SPSS 17.0 software (univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis) was used to analyze the general condition [gender, age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, smoking history], injury related factors (energy of injury, open or closed injury, AO/OTA classification of fracture, fracture area distribution), operation related factors (operation time, reduction quality, postoperative infection) and construct characteristics of internal fixation.
RESULTS: Twelve of 130 patients who were included in the study underwent revisional surgery, with a revision rate 9.2%. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, BMI, AO/OTA classification, fracture area distribution, operation time, reduction quality, length of plate/fracture area, length of plate/fracture area above condylar between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that AO/OTA classification (A3), supracondylar involved fracture, operation time, reduction quality and the length of the plate/fracture area above the condylar were the possible related factors (P < 0.05). Destruction of the medial support ability of the femur in comminuted type A3 fracture, supra-condylar cortex area fracture involvement, increase of the bending stress of the LLP due to poor fracture reduction quality, damage of the blood supply of fracture end due to long-time operation, and stress concentration caused by insufficient length of plate might be risk factors of revisional operation after the treatment of distal femoral fracture with LLP. For the patients who needed revision after LLP treatment, additional use of medial minimally invasive plate fixation and autologous bone transplantation, change to intramedullary nail fixation were commonly used clinical treatment strategies.
CONCLUSIONS: AO/OTA classification (A3), supracondylar involved fracture, long operation time, poor reduction quality and the length of the plate/fracture area above the condylar were the possible predictive factors of the revision in distal femoral fractures treated with lateral locking plate. The appropriate application of the locking plate and operation strategy are the key to reduce the revision rate in distal femoral fractures.

The lateral poststyloid space (LPSS) located at the posterolateral aspect of the styloid process. This study aims to explore the anatomical relationships in LPSS via a transoral corridor, providing reference for addressing lesions extending to this region. An endoscopic transoral approach for exposure of the LPSS was performed on 6 cadaveric specimens (12 sides). Related landmarks were explored, and transoral extirpation of tumors extended into LPSS was employed in 12 patients. The deep lobe of the parotid gland, extratemporal facial nerve, and the accompanying artery in the LPSS were sufficiently exposed via the transoral corridor in all 12 cadaveric sides. The transoral corridor provided adequate exposure for tumors extending to the LPSS, and en bloc resection was achieved in these 12 patients. No facial nerve or vascular injury occurred, and no recurrence observed in this cohort with an average follow-up of 26 months. An endoscopic transoral approach provides a direct access to the LPSS. Appreciation of the anatomical relationships within the LPSS is valuable for employing a transoral extirpation of tumors extending to this specific region.

The styloid process constitutes the posterolateral boundary for an endonasal exposure of the infratemporal fossa. This study aims to explore the feasibility of a far-lateral extension to the lateral poststyloid space via an endonasal corridor. An endonasal dissection was performed on six cadaveric specimens (12 sides). Following an endoscopic endonasal access to the parapharyngeal space, the styloid process and the tympanic portion of the temporal bone were removed to reveal the jugular bulb and the extratemporal facial nerve. Distances from the anterior nasal spine to the relevant landmarks were measured using a surgical navigation device. Through an endonasal corridor, only the anteroinferior aspect of the jugular bulb was exposed. Conversely, the extratemporal facial nerve could be sufficiently exposed, and the deep temporal nerve could be transposed to the stylomastoid foramen. The average horizontal distances from the nasal spine to the posterior tract of V3 , styloid process, and facial nerve were 79.33 ± 3.41, 97.10 ± 4.74, and 104.77 ± 4.42 mm, respectively. Access to the lateral poststyloid space via an endonasal corridor is feasible, potentially providing an alternative approach to address select lesions extending to this region. The deep temporal nerve has a similar diameter to that of the facial nerve; thus, providing potential reinnervation of the facial nerve.

UNASSIGNED: To report our experience of treating painful C1 osteolytic lesions with cement augmentation via a lateral approach under fluoroscopic guidance.
UNASSIGNED: Nine consecutive patients (eight men and one woman; mean age: 56.7±13.2 years) with osteolytic lesions of the atlas who underwent cementoplasty via a lateral approach were enrolled in this study. The technical success rate, operation time, and complications were recorded. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Neck disability index (NDI) were used to evaluate the pain relief and neck function status pre-procedure (baseline) and post-procedure (at 3 days; after 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months; and at the last follow-up).
UNASSIGNED: The procedure was technically successful without any complications in all patients. The mean procedure time was 44.3±7.8 min. There were three cases of bone cement leakage, but no clinical symptoms. The mean VAS score decreased from 6.7±1.0 before the procedure to 3.7 three days after the procedure. The mean NDI score decreased from 67.3±11.2 before the procedure to 39.3±13.7 three days after the procedure. The VAS and NDI scores decreased at each follow-up time point, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the scores before the procedure (P<0.01).
UNASSIGNED: Fluoroscopy-guided lateral approach is a feasible, safe, and effective method for treatment of osteolytic lesions of the atlas and can relieve pain and stabilize the bone.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors associated with the consumption of a large number of sutures during arthroscopic meniscus repair procedures.
METHODS: All patients who received meniscal repair, with or without concomitant anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were included in the current study. Demographic data (sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and injury-to-surgery interval) and surgical data (the site of the tear, side of the meniscus, presence of an ACL rupture or not and the number of sutures) were retrospectively collected from our medical records. The number of sutures was divided into two groups (1-2 sutures versus > 2 sutures). The stitching process was implemented through an all-inside technique using a meniscal repair device (Fast-Fix; Smith & Nephew). According to the length and stability of the meniscal tear, one to seven sutures were used. Univariate analysis consisted of chi-square tests. Multivariate logistic regression was then performed to adjust for confounding factors.
RESULTS: A total of 242 patients, including 168 males and 57 females, was finally included. In the univariate analysis, we found that those patients who underwent meniscus repair within one month after meniscus tear were more likely to need fewer sutures than those who underwent surgery more than one month after injury (70/110 versus 59/115, p=0.062). In total, 75/109 (68.8%) lateral meniscal tears were repaired with fewer sutures than medial (34/72, 47.2%) and bilateral meniscus injuries (20/44, 45.4%; p=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, we found that the duration of injury (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.16-3.64, p=0.013), presence of an ACL injury (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.97-7.21, p< 0.001) and the side of the meniscus (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.14-0.65, p=0.002) were associated with the number of sutures used during meniscal repair procedures.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients who underwent meniscal repair within one month after meniscus tear, especially lateral menisci tears, were more likely to need fewer sutures.
METHODS: Case-control study; level of evidence, 3.

There is little literature available examining factors that may predict functional recovery after lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The purpose of this study was to report short to mid-term effectiveness and evaluate predictors of better outcome following lateral UKA.
We retrospectively reviewed 248 patients (260 knees) who underwent lateral UKA from January 2013, with a mean 5-year follow-up. The primary outcome measures comprised the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score and patient satisfaction. Multivariate regression analyses were implemented to investigate associations between these factors with a satisfactory outcome. Implant survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Complete follow-up was available for 186 patients (198 knees). At last follow-up, the HSS scores were changed from 52.1 (range, 38-80) preoperatively to 85.6 (range, 61-98) (P < .001), The OKS improved from 22.8 (range, 16-32) preoperatively to 42.7 (range, 30-47) postoperatively (P < .01). The 5-year survival was 99.5%. The multivariate analysis showed that the following factors tended to obtain a satisfactory outcome: higher proportion of ASA class I (P < .001), diagnosis of primary OA (P = .007), postoperative limb alignment (P = .007), and higher preoperative HSS score (P = .019). Patients with valgus 9°-12° reported the highest HSS scores among different subgroups (P < .001).
Following lateral UKA, postoperative outcomes were satisfactory in patients with lower ASA scores, diagnosis with primary OA, higher preoperative HSS scores and those with postoperative valgus alignment. It is important to understand these correlations to help appropriate patient selection to obtain optimal function after lateral UKA.

Lateral homojunctions made of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials are promising for optoelectronic and electronic applications. Here, we report the lateral WSe2-WSe2 homojunction photodiodes formed spontaneously by thickness modulation in which there are unique band structures of a unilateral depletion region. The electrically tunable junctions can be switched from n-n to p-p diodes, and the corresponding rectification ratio increases from about 1 to 1.2 × 104. In addition, an obvious photovoltaic behavior is observed at zero gate voltage, which exhibits a large open voltage of 0.49 V and a short-circuit current of 0.125 nA under visible light irradiation. In addition, due to the unilateral depletion region, the diode can achieve a high detectivity of 4.4 × 1010 Jones and a fast photoresponse speed of 0.18 ms at Vg = 0 and Vds = 0. The studies not only demonstrated the great potential of the lateral homojunction photodiodes for a self-power photodetector but also allowed for the development of other functional devices, such as a nonvolatile programmable diode for logic rectifiers.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the risk factors of revision operation after the treatment of distal femoral fracture with lateral locking plate (LLP).
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 152 cases with distal femoral fracture treated in our hospital from March 2005 to March 2019. The SPSS 26.0 software (univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis) was used to analyze the general condition, fracture-related factors, operation-related factors, and construct characteristics of internal fixation.
RESULTS: Sixteen of 152 patients who were included in the study underwent revision surgery, with a revision rate 10.5%. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, body mass index (BMI), fracture type, supracondylar involved or not, type of incision, quality of reduction, ratio of length of plate/fracture area (R1), the ratio of the length of the plate/fracture area above the condylar (R2), ratio of distance between proximal part of fracture and screw/working length of proximal plate (R3) between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age [OR for age > 61.5 group is 4.900 (1.071-22.414)], fracture type [OR for A3 fracture is 8.572 (1.606-45.750), the OR for periprosthetic fracture after TKA is 9.073 (1.220-67.506)], poor reduction quality [OR is 7.663 (1.821-32.253)], and the ratio of the length of the plate/fracture area above the condylar were the possible risk factors (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Age, fracture type (A3 and periprosthetic fracture after TKA), poor reduction quality, and the ratio of the length of the plate/fracture area above the condylar were the possible risk factors of the revision in distal femoral fractures treated with lateral locking plate. The appropriate application of the locking plate and operation strategy are the key to reduce the revision rate in distal femoral fractures.