■非异性恋和性别不合格(GNC)个体与异性恋和性别不合格个体相比,倾向于更频繁地报告不良的童年经历(ACE)。和经历过ACE的人,识别为非异性恋,或表现出中等至高水平的GNC更容易参与有问题的智能手机使用(PSU)。然而,关于这个问题,青少年中基于学校的数据有限。
■探讨不同性取向和性别表达群体的青少年ACE和PSU之间的关联。
■使用2021年基于学校的中国青少年健康调查的数据,这项横断面研究包括来自中国8个省288所公立高中的参与者.从2023年10月至2024年2月进行统计分析。
■ACE上的数据,性取向,和性别表达(高,中度,和低GNC)被收集。
■使用10项智能手机成瘾量表-短版(SAS-SV)评估PSU。加权线性,logistic,或使用泊松回归模型。
■在包括的85064名青少年中(平均[SD]年龄,14.92[1.77]年),42632(50.1%)为女性,70157(83.2%)确定为汉族,和14208(16.8)被确定为其他种族(苗族,Hui,Yi,戴,和其他种族)。参与者中PSU的患病率为35.4%。加权泊松回归模型表明GNC和ACE之间的相互作用是显著的(调整后的患病率比[APR],0.98;95%CI,0.97-0.99)。进一步的分层分析表明,经历过4次或更多次ACE的同性恋青少年的PSU患病率显着增加(APR,1.79;95%CI,1.64-1.96)。同样,在患有4个或更多ACE的双性恋个体中观察到PSU的患病率明显更高(APR,1.60;95%CI,1.41-1.80)。关于性别表达类别,在患有4个或更多ACE的高GNC青少年中,PSU的患病率明显更高(APR,1.78;95%CI,1.60-1.98)与无ACE的低GNC青少年相比。此外,经历任何3个ACE类别(滥用,疏忽,和家庭功能障碍)与不同性取向和性别表达亚组中PSU的患病率增加有关。
■在这项横断面研究中,ACE评分升高与非异性取向或GNC身份的合并与PSU患病率增加显著相关.这些发现强调,预防ACE可能有助于减轻青少年的PSU,特别是对于非异性恋青少年和GNC水平较高的青少年。
UNASSIGNED: Nonheterosexual and gender-nonconforming (GNC) individuals tend to report adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) more frequently compared with heterosexual and gender-conforming individuals, and individuals who have experienced ACEs, identify as nonheterosexual, or exhibit moderate to high levels of GNC are more prone to engaging in problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, there is limited school-based data among adolescents regarding this matter.
UNASSIGNED: To explore the associations between ACEs and PSU among adolescents across different sexual orientation and gender expression groups.
UNASSIGNED: Using data from the 2021 School-Based Chinese Adolescents Health Survey, this cross-sectional study includes participants from 288 public high schools across 8 provinces in
China. Statistical analysis was performed from October 2023 to February 2024.
UNASSIGNED: Data on ACEs, sexual orientations, and gender expressions (high, moderate, and low GNC) were collected.
UNASSIGNED: PSU was assessed using the 10-item Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). Weighted linear, logistic, or Poisson regression models were used.
UNASSIGNED: Among the 85 064 adolescents included (mean [SD] age, 14.92 [1.77] years), 42 632 (50.1%) were female, 70 157 (83.2%) identified as Han Chinese, and 14 208 (16.8) identified as other ethnicities (Miao, Hui, Yi, Dai, and other ethnic groups). The prevalence of PSU among participants was 35.4%. Weighted Poisson regression models indicated that the interaction between GNC and ACE was significant (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR], 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99). Further stratified analysis demonstrated homosexual adolescents who experienced 4 or more ACEs showed a significantly increased prevalence of PSU (APR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.64-1.96). Similarly, a markedly higher prevalence of PSU was observed among bisexual individuals with 4 or more ACEs (APR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.41-1.80). Regarding gender expression categories, a significantly higher prevalence of PSU was noted among high GNC adolescents with 4 or more ACEs (APR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.60-1.98) compared with low GNC adolescents without ACEs. Furthermore, experiencing any 3 ACE categories (abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction) was associated with an increased prevalence of PSU across different sexual orientation and gender expression subgroups.
UNASSIGNED: In this cross-sectional study, the amalgamation of elevated ACE scores with nonheterosexual orientations or GNC identities was significantly associated with increased PSU prevalence. These findings underscore that preventing ACEs may be beneficial in mitigating PSU among adolescents, particularly for nonheterosexual adolescents and those with high levels of GNC.