■最近的研究报道,肠道菌群与认知功能密切相关。粪便微生物移植(FMT)可能是认知障碍的潜在治疗方法,但其对认知障碍患者的疗效尚不清楚。
■本研究旨在探讨FMT治疗认知障碍的安全性和有效性。
■从2021年7月至2022年5月,有5名54-80岁的患者(3名女性)参加了这项单臂临床试验。蒙特利尔认知评估B(MoCA-B)日常生活活动(ADL),在第0、30、60、90和180天评估阿尔茨海默病评估量表(ADAS-Cog)的认知部分。此外,在FMT给药前和治疗6个月后两次采集粪便和血清样本.通过16SRNA基因测序分析粪便微生物群的结构。通过液相色谱-质谱和酶联免疫吸附测定分析血清样品的代谢组学和脂多糖(LPS)结合蛋白,分别。根据不良事件评估安全性,生命体征,以及FMT和随访期间的实验室参数。
■MoCA,ADL,与移植前相比,FMT后轻度认知障碍患者(C和E患者)的ADAS-Cog评分得到改善或维持。然而,严重认知障碍患者(患者A,B,D)认知评分没有恶化。粪便菌群分析表明,FMT改变了肠道菌群的结构。血清代谢组学分析结果提示FMT后患者血清代谢组学发生显著变化,7个上调和28个下调的代谢物。3b,12a-二羟基-5a-胆酸,25-乙酰vulgaroside,脱氧胆酸,2(R)-羟基二十二烷酸,和P-茴香酸增加,而胆红素和其他代谢产物下降。KEFF通路分析显示肿瘤的主要代谢途径为胆汁分泌和胆碱代谢。在整个研究中没有报告不良反应。
■在这项试点研究中,FMT可以通过改变肠道菌群结构和影响血清代谢组学来维持和改善轻度认知障碍患者的认知功能。粪便细菌胶囊是安全的。然而,需要进一步的研究来评估粪便微生物移植的安全性和有效性.ClinicalTrials.gov标识符:CHiCTR2100043548。
Recent studies have reported that gut microbiota is closely associated with cognitive fuction. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may be a potential treatment for cognitive impairment, but its efficacy in patients with cognitive impairment is unknown.
This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of FMT for cognitive impairment treatment.
Five patients aged 54-80 years (three women) were enrolled in this single-arm clinical trial from July 2021 to May 2022. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment-B (MoCA-B), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and the cognitive section of the Alzheimer\'s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog) were assessed at days 0, 30, 60, 90, and 180. Additionally, stool and serum samples were obtained twice before FMT was administered and six months after the treatment. The structure of fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S RNA gene sequencing. Serum samples were analyzed for metabolomics and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding proteins by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Safety was assessed based on adverse events, vital signs, and laboratory parameters during FMT and the follow-up period.
The MoCA, ADL, and ADAS-Cog scores of patients with mild cognitive impairment (patients C and E) after FMT were improved or maintained compared with those before transplantation. However, patients with severe cognitive impairment (patients A, B, and D) had no worsening of cognitive scores. Fecal microbiota analysis showed that FMT changed the structure of gut microbiota. The results of serum metabolomics analysis suggested that there were significant changes in the serum metabolomics of patients after FMT, with 7 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated metabolites. 3b,12a-dihydroxy-5a-cholanoic acid, 25-acetylvulgaroside, deoxycholic acid, 2(R)-hydroxydocosanoic acid, and P-anisic acid increased, while bilirubin and other metabolites decreased. KEFF pathway analysis indicated that the main metabolic pathways were bile secretion and choline metabolism in cancer. No adverse effects were reported throughout the study.
In this pilot study, FMT could maintain and improve cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment by changing gut microbiota structure and affecting serum metabolomics. Fecal bacteria capsules were safe. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: CHiCTR2100043548.