■类癌综合征(CS)通常由神经内分泌肿瘤引起。虽然活性物质被认为是腹泻和皮肤潮红等典型症状的主要原因,肠道菌群丰度与CS之间的因果关系尚不清楚.
■从GWAS汇总数据获得与肠道微生物群丰度和CS相关的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)。使用逆方差加权(IVW)方法评估肠道微生物群丰度与CS之间的因果关系。此外,MR-Egger,加权中位数模型,并采用加权模型作为补充方法。利用TwoSampleMR包的异质性功能来评估SNP是否表现出异质性。使用Egger截距和Presso检验来评估SNP是否表现出多效性。采用Leave-One-Out测试来评估SNP的敏感性。Steiger检验用于检查SNP是否具有反向因果关系。进行了双向孟德尔随机化(MR)研究,以阐明肠道微生物群丰度与CS之间的因果关系。
■IVW结果表明6个肠道微生物群与CS之间存在因果关系。在6个肠道微生物类群中,厌氧菌属(IVWOR:0.3606,95CI:0.1554-0.8367,p值:0.0175)对CS具有保护作用。另一方面,科氏杆菌科(IVWOR:3.4572,95CI:1.0571-11.3066,p值:0.0402),肠纹病属(IVWOR:4.2496,95CI:1.3314-13.5640,p值:0.0146),Ruminiclostridium6属(IVWOR:4.0116,95CI:1.2711-12.6604,p值:0.0178),Veillonella属(IVWOR:3.7023,95CI:1.0155-13.4980,p值:0.0473)和Holdemanella属(IVWOR:2.2400,95CI:1.0376-4.8358,p值:0.0400)对CS产生不利影响。未发现CS与上述6个肠道微生物群存在反向因果关系。
■发现六个微生物群与CS有因果关系,需要进一步的随机对照试验进行验证。
UNASSIGNED: Carcinoid syndrome (CS) commonly results from neuroendocrine tumors. While active substances are recognized as the main causes of the typical symptoms such as diarrhea and skin flush, the cause-and-effect relationship between gut microbiota abundance and CS remains unclear.
UNASSIGNED: The Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) related to gut microbiota abundance and CS were obtained from the GWAS summary data. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota abundance and CS. Additionally, the MR-Egger, Weighted Median model, and Weighted model were employed as supplementary approaches. The heterogeneity function of the TwoSampleMR package was utilized to assess whether SNPs exhibit heterogeneity. The Egger intercept and Presso test were used to assess whether SNPs exhibit pleiotropy. The Leave-One-Out test was employed to evaluate the sensitivity of SNPs. The Steiger test was utilized to examine whether SNPs have a reverse causal relationship. A bidirectional mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to elucidate the inferred cause-and-effect relationship between gut microbiota abundance and CS.
UNASSIGNED: The IVW results indicated a causal relationship between 6 gut microbiota taxa and CS. Among the 6 gut microbiota taxa, the genus Anaerofilum (IVW OR: 0.3606, 95%CI: 0.1554-0.8367, p-value: 0.0175) exhibited a protective effect against CS. On the other hand, the family Coriobacteriaceae (IVW OR: 3.4572, 95%CI: 1.0571-11.3066, p-value: 0.0402), the genus Enterorhabdus (IVW OR: 4.2496, 95%CI: 1.3314-13.5640, p-value: 0.0146), the genus Ruminiclostridium6 (IVW OR: 4.0116, 95%CI: 1.2711-12.6604, p-value: 0.0178), the genus Veillonella (IVW OR: 3.7023, 95%CI: 1.0155-13.4980, p-value: 0.0473) and genus Holdemanella (IVW OR: 2.2400, 95%CI: 1.0376-4.8358, p-value: 0.0400) demonstrated a detrimental effect on CS. The CS was not found to have a reverse causal relationship with the above 6 gut microbiota taxa.
UNASSIGNED: Six microbiota taxa were found to have a causal relationship with CS, and further randomized controlled trials are needed for verification.