二苯甲酮(BPs)是一类常用于护肤产品如防晒剂中的紫外线吸收剂。凭借其广泛的应用范围,最近几天,它的环境和人类危害备受关注。以往对BPs毒性的研究主要集中在其内分泌干扰作用上,但对其神经发育和神经毒性的研究有限。在这里,使用斑马鱼模型,我们研究了二苯甲酮1(BP1)的神经发育和神经毒性(0.8、1.0、1.2、1.6和2.4μg/mL)。因此,BP1导致胚胎死亡率增加,孵化率下降,以及以浓度依赖性方式增加发育异常率。BP1还引起中枢神经系统(CNS)和多巴胺能(DA)神经元的发育缺陷。因此,BP1损伤幼体斑马鱼的一般运动和在光/暗挑战中对刺激的反应。在成年斑马鱼中,BP1暴露(1、10、100、1000μg/L)在T迷宫测试中导致学习和记忆能力受到抑制,并抑制了新型坦克潜水测试中的探索行为和活动。Further,与神经毒性相关的基因的转录水平,神经发育,焦虑表明BP1可能影响髓鞘的发育和功能,诱导中枢神经系统的结构和功能缺陷,表现为焦虑等异常行为。因此,本研究揭示了BP1的神经发育毒性和神经毒性,扩大了我们对BP1对生物体的毒性作用的认识,可能对环境和人类健康造成威胁。
Benzophenones (BPs) are a class of UV absorber commonly used in skin care products like sunscreens. With its wide range of application, its environmental and human hazards have received much attention in recent days. Previous studies on the toxicity of BPs mainly focused on its endocrine-disrupting effects, but there are limited studies on its neurodevelopment and neurotoxicity. Herein, using the zebrafish model we studied the neurodevelopmental- and neuro-toxicity of benzophenone 1 (BP1) (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.6, and 2.4 μg/mL). As a result, BP1 led to an increase of embryo mortality, a decrease in hatching rate, and an increase in the rate of developmental abnormalities in a concentration-dependent manner. BP1 also caused developmental defects in the central nervous system (CNS) and dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Accordingly, BP1 injured larval zebrafish general locomotion and response to stimuli in light/dark challenge. In adult zebrafish, BP1 exposure (1, 10, 100, 1000 μg/L) caused inhibition of learning and memory abilities in the T-maze tests, and inhibited exploratory behavior and activity in the novel tank diving tests. Further, transcription levels of genes related to neurotoxicity, neurodevelopment, and anxiety revealed that BP1 may affect the development and function of the myelin sheath, inducing structural and functional defects of CNS, manifested as abnormal behaviors such as anxiety. Hence, the current study revealed the neurodevelopmental toxicity and neurotoxicity of BP1, expanded our knowledge about the toxic effects of BP1 on organisms, posing a possible threat to the environment and human health.