青藏高原(TP)被称为亚洲的水塔,水质一直是公众关注的焦点,特别是在雅鲁藏布江流域(YTRB),一个对气候敏感的独特区域,地质复杂,生态脆弱,人口稠密。铊(Tl)是一种典型的金属,比Pb更有毒,Cd,和As并经常发生在硫化物矿物中。尽管在YTRB中开发了大规模的多金属硫化物矿化,YTRB水生环境中Tl的地球化学分散和潜在风险仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中,浓度,分布,来源,系统分析了YTRB温泉和地表水中Tl和相关金属(类)的健康风险。结果表明,微量元素(Cd,Cr,Zn,Cu,Al,Sr,Ni,Co,Mn,水环境中的Pb)在推荐范围内,除了Tl和As。主成分分析(PCA)和相关分析(CA)表明,无论是在温泉水还是地表水中,Tl和As元素均呈正相关。表明他们的共同起源。空间变化表明,在北部YTRB观察到高水平的Tl和As,这可能与含Tl(As)矿物的还原溶解和YTRB北部浅层形成的岩浆热液系统有关。此外,来源解析确定了铜的天然来源,Ni,Cr,Co,Mn,Zn,Cd和Al和Pb的人为输入。暴露评估研究发现,摄入是As和Tl暴露于当地人群的主要途径,和美容和沐浴目的不构成人类健康问题。这项研究为自然发生的Tl富集隐藏在YTRB和其他具有类似地质环境背景的地区的富含As的水圈中的风险提供了宝贵的见解。
The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is known as the water tower of Asia, and the water quality has long been a focus of public concern, especially in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin (YTRB), a unique area that is climate-sensitive, geologically complex, eco-fragile, and densely populated. Thallium (Tl) is a typical metal that is more toxic than Pb, Cd, and As and often occurs in sulfide minerals. Although large-scale polymetallic sulfide mineralization developed in the YTRB, the geochemical dispersion and potential risk of Tl in aquatic environments of the YTRB remain poorly understood. In this study, the concentration, distribution, source, and health risk of Tl and associated metal(loid)s in the hot springs and surface water in the YTRB were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the trace elements (Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Al, Sr, Ni, Co, Mn, Pb) in water environments are within the recommended limits, except for Tl and As. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis (CA) showed that the elements of Tl and As were positively related to each other in either both hot spring water and surface water, indicating their common origin. Spatial variations suggested that high levels of Tl and As observed in the north YTRB, which may be relevant to the reduction-dissolution of Tl (As)-bearing minerals and the magmatic hydrothermal system formed in the shallow part of the northern YTRB. Furthermore, source apportionment identified natural sources of Cu, Ni, Cr, Co, Mn, Zn, and Cd and anthropogenic inputs of Al and Pb. Exposure assessment studies have found that ingestion is the primary route of As and Tl exposure to local population, and balneological and bathing purposes do not constitute a human health concern. This study offers valuable insights into the risk of naturally occurring Tl enrichment being hidden in As-rich hydrosphere in the YTRB and other regions with similar geoenvironmental contexts.